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ondansetron (ondansetron, ODT / Zofran ODT)

✓ Approved

GSK · HTR3A · 小分子

什么是 ondansetron？

ondansetron 是一种小分子，由GSK研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名ondansetron, ODT, Zofran ODT
公司GSK
药物类别小分子
分子靶点HTR3A
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, GSK

作用机制

分子靶点

ondansetron 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

HTR3A5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (5-HT3R, 5-HT-3)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

相关研究文献

PubMedJournal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis2026-08-04

Rapid screening of physicochemical compatibility between co-administered injectable drugs using thermal and spectroscopic approaches.

Granados Pedro A PA, Santana Ingrid A IA, Lima Ana Luiza AL, Gross Idejan P IP et al.

The concomitant administration of injectable drugs in hospital settings frequently involves extemporaneous combinations within the same infusion line, often without compatibility evaluation. This practice may compromise drug stability and patient safety, particularly in intensive care units characterized by complex polypharmacy regimens. In this study, a rapid screening protocol based on complementary thermal, spectroscopic, and morphological techniques was applied to investigate potential physicochemical interactions between injectable drugs under accelerated stress conditions. Dopamine, ondansetron, rocuronium, and fluconazole were combined pairwise as binary physical mixtures and subjected to controlled thermal and photonic stress. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and stereomicroscopy were employed to detect early physicochemical interactions and stress-induced instability. Thermal analysis revealed melting point shifts, enthalpy reduction, amorphization, and premature degradation events for several combinations, indicating different levels of intermolecular interaction. FTIR and morphological analyses demonstrated that some changes in thermal profile were accompanied by chemically relevant alterations and progressive discoloration, particularly after combined thermal and light exposure. Dopamine/fluconazole and dopamine/ondansetron mixtures showed evidence of moderate solid-state interaction, while ondansetron/fluconazole exhibited increased susceptibility to stress-induced instability. Mixtures containing rocuronium exhibited greater sensitivity to combined thermal and photonic stress, especially ondansetron/rocuronium, which showed marked light-dependent instability. Overall, the proposed approach proved useful as a rapid preliminary risk-ranking strategy to identify injectable drug combinations requiring further compatibility investigation under clinically relevant conditions.

PMID 42546540
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PubMedNigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association2026-08-03

Prophylactic Efficacy of Intravenous Nefopam Versus Ondansetron in Preventing Post-Spinal Shivering in Parturients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial.

Malau Kefas Thomas KT, Usman Yohanna Musa YM, Kpalap Precious Barisi PB, Shaki Rimamkanati Christopher RC et al.

Post-spinal shivering (PSS) is a frequent complication of spinal anaesthesia during caesarean section, causing patient discomfort and potential physiological disturbances. Both nefopam and ondansetron possess anti-shivering properties; however, comparative evidence in obstetric patients is limited. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous nefopam and ondansetron in preventing post-spinal shivering in women undergoing elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. This randomised controlled study included 96 ASA II parturients scheduled for elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Participants were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 32 each). Group N received intravenous nefopam (0.15 mg/kg), Group O received intravenous ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg), and Group P received 10 mL of normal saline as a placebo. The medications were administered 15 minutes before spinal anaesthesia. Patients were monitored for the incidence and severity of shivering using the Crossley and Mahajan scale. Side effects and the need for rescue medication (intravenous pethidine 0.5 mg/kg) were also recorded. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The incidence of PSS was significantly lower in Group N (18.8%) and Group O (18.8%) compared with Group P (59.4%) (p < 0.001). Severe shivering (grades 3-4) occurred only in the placebo group (40.5%). Consequently, the need for rescue pethidine was significantly higher in Group P (37.5%), while none of the patients in Groups N or O required it (p < 0.001). Postoperative nausea was less frequent in Group O (3.1%) and Group N (12.5%) compared with Group P (25%) (p < 0.05). Mild injection-site pain occurred only in Group N (9.4%). Intravenous nefopam and ondansetron are similarly effective in preventing post-spinal shivering and reducing rescue analgesia requirements during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Ondansetron showed better antiemetic effect, while nefopam was associated with mild injection-site discomfort.

PMID 42544185
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PubMedDrug development and industrial pharmacy2026-08-03

Development and Evaluation of Rizatriptan Benzoate Orally Disintegrating Tablets for Migraine Treatment.

Çelebi Nevin N, Tuncay Emine E

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop rizatriptan benzoate (RZT) orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs), used in migraine treatment, using various excipients and, in particular, super-disintegrants, through the direct compression method, and to compare them with a commercial product (Maxalt®RPD).SignificanceMigraine is a common disease that affects quality of life. ODTs are the preferred dosage form due to their rapid effect and patient compliance. In this study,ODTs with rapid disintegration time,rapid release, and high porosity were developed using superdisintegrant for RZT .MethodsODT formulations were prepared by direct compression method using superdisintegrants such as Ludiflash®, Ludipress®, and Pharmaburst™ along with other excipients. Disintegration time and in vitro dissolution tests were performed and compared with Maxalt®RPD. Furthermore, the porosity, water absorption rate, wetting time, and surface morphology of the tablets were also examined. The interactions between RZT and excipients were investigated using DSC and X-RD studies.ResultsODT formulations containing Ludiflash® and PharmaburstTM were found to be the most suitable according to their disintegration time, dissolution profiles. It was observed from the dissolution profile of the commercial product that 100% of the drug was dissolved within 3 minutes. This is thought to be due to Maxalt®RPD being manufactured by lyophilization. A highly porous structure was clearly observed on the surface of ODTs. There was no interaction between RZT and excipients.ConclusionsAs a result, ODT formulation of RZT, used in the treatment of migraine, has been successfully developed.

PMID 42543522
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PubMedSouth Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association2026-07-29

Amniotic Fluid Embolism: A Case Report.

McCann Sean S, Kallemeyn Brenda B

In obstetrics, an amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare and highly devastating event. This case highlights the presentation of an amniotic fluid embolism and its treatments. A 35-year-old G1P0 became pulseless shortly after her cesarean section and was successfully resuscitated with high-quality CPR, fluid administration, and a regimen of atropine, ondansetron, and ketorolac. She was under general anesthesia for her cesarean due to non-reassuring heart tones and remained intubated when transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to the rapid responsiveness of treatment, she had a favorable outcome unlike a majority of AFEs. This case highlights the presentation of AFE and importance of prompt treatment. While there are specific diagnostic criteria atypical AFEs are not uncommon, and the threshold should be low for the initiation of treatment. The article reviews the most recent standards of care put forth by the Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine. It also adds to the data that supports the use of various experimental treatments to prevent morbidity and mortality.

PMID 42522074
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PubMedBiomaterials advances2026-07-27

Quantifying species and age-dependent fibroblast morphologies on biomaterial surfaces via optical diffraction tomography.

Formaggio Francesco F, Anantha Pooja P, Trebbi Federica F, Palermo Vincenzo V et al.

Fibroblasts are essential for maintaining tissue structure by producing the extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen fibers. Their potential in regenerative medicine and personalized therapy has recently attracted attention, particularly for reprogramming into neuronal cells. Despite ongoing methodological advances aimed at fully exploiting the potential of fibroblasts, variability in their responses, driven by donor-specific factors such as species and age, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate fibroblasts differentiation in vitro, focusing on how biomaterial surfaces can guide cell growth, proliferation, and morphology through mechanical cues. We compare fibroblasts from two species (rodent and human) and, within the human donor group, across two distinct age ranges. By combining conventional morphological and cytoskeletal analyses with advanced three-dimensional (3D) label-free imaging techniques such as optical diffraction tomography (ODT), we characterize the morphological transformations of these cells cultured on two biomaterial surfaces, silk fibroin (SF) and Zinc-Aluminum hydrotalcite (HTlc), by measuring cell dry mass and projected area. Our findings provide insights into how substrate characteristics shape fibroblast morphology and introduce an effective strategy to identify substrates that preferentially promote neuron-like morphological shapes, an important feature for inducing neuronal reprogramming.

PMID 42508154
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PubMedChemistryOpen2026-07-27

In Vivo Evaluation of Psoralen in a Copper Sulfate-Induced Chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) Emesis Model and In Silico Analysis of Its Interaction With D2, 5-HT3 A, and Muscarinic Receptors.

Chandra Kishor K, Bahar Sharif Uddin SU, Akter Khadija K, Khatun Mst Muslima MM et al.

Psoralen (PSN), a naturally occurring furocoumarin, was evaluated for its antiemetic potential using integrated in vivo and in silico approaches, considering the limitations of currently available antiemetic agents. The antiemetic activity of PSN was investigated in a copper sulfate-induced emesis model using 2-day-old chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus). A dose-dependent experimental design was employed with PSN (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg), alongside standard antiemetics (domperidone 6 mg/kg, ondansetron (OND) 5 mg/kg, and hyoscine 21 mg/kg) and combination treatments. Latency to first retch and total retching episodes were recorded, and percentage inhibition was calculated. Molecular docking was performed against D2, D3, 5-HT3A, and muscarinic (M1-M5) receptors. ADMET and toxicity profiles were predicted using SwissADME and ProTox-3.0. PSN produced a significant, dose-dependent reduction in retching. The 20 mg/kg dose showed 65.60% inhibition of retches compared to control. Combination treatment with OND further enhanced inhibition (65.60%). Docking analysis revealed that PSN exhibited the strongest binding affinity toward the D2 receptor (-8.8 kcal/mol), followed by M5 (-8.1 kcal/mol) and 5-HT3A (-7.7 kcal/mol). Pharmacokinetic prediction indicated high gastrointestinal absorption and favorable drug-likeness properties. PSN demonstrates significant antiemetic activity in a validated chick emesis model, supported by moderate binding affinity toward key emesis-related receptors. While docking findings suggest possible receptor interactions, further mechanistic and translational studies are required to confirm the molecular basis of its activity.

PMID 42503454
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