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estradiol valerate + MPA (Divina / E2V + MPA, Orion / Klimalet)

✓ Approved

HyundaiPharm · ESR1 · 小分子

什么是 estradiol valerate + MPA？

estradiol valerate + MPA 是一种小分子，由HyundaiPharm研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Divina, E2V + MPA, Orion, Klimalet
公司HyundaiPharm
药物类别小分子
分子靶点ESR1
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, HyundaiPharm

作用机制

分子靶点

estradiol valerate + MPA 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ER, ESR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

estradiol valerate + MPA 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Surgical and medical proceduresHormone replacement therapy✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedThe journal of adhesive dentistry2026-08-05

Influence of Tooth Whitening After Resin Infiltration on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets.

Schoppmeier Christoph Matthias CM, Sun Li L, Janson Malin M, Graf Isabelle I et al.

To determine the influence of different bleaching methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to resin-infiltrated (Icon, DMG) extracted human enamel. 64 extracted wisdom teeth were randomized into four groups (n = 16): 1. (-)control (no treatment), 2. (+)control (RI), 3. RI followed by 25% H2O2 (IOB) and 4. RI followed by 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching (HB). After a standardized demineralization protocol, RI and bleaching were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions prior to storage for 14 days. Brackets (Mini Diamond Twin, Ormco) were bonded buccally and lingually (Transbond XT, 3M). SBS values (MPa, traverse speed 0.5 mm/min, Zwick Roell) and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) were determined on the buccal side. Following 5000 thermal cycles (5-55°C; RC 20 CS Lauda), SBS and ARI values for the lingual brackets were determined analogously. Data were analyzed with mixed ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests at a 0.05 significance level. Differences in SBS were observed among groups (F(3, 64) = 8.01, P 0.001). HB exhibited the lowest SBS values (14.99 ± 6.42 MPa; 10.84 ± 3.61 MPa), differing significantly from the negative control (P = 0.041; P = 0.002 after thermocycling). No significant differences were noted between IOB and HB. Thermocycling reduced SBS values across all groups (F(3, 64) = 25.83, P 0.001). RI followed by bleaching negatively impacts bracket bonding strength, with a significant reduction observed after home bleaching, while in-office bleaching showed no such effect.

PMID 42554081
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PubMedJournal of fluorescence2026-08-05

Engineering Mono- to Trimetallic Nanoclusters for Next-Generation Luminescence Sensing of Narcotic Drugs.

Paria Shashikana S, Nayak Nijeshree N, Maity Prasenjit P

Monometallic, bimetallic, and trimetallic fluorescent nanoclusters (NCs) stabilized by lysozyme (Lyz), glutathione (GSH), and 4-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were synthesized using gold (Au), silver (Ag), and cadmium (Cd) via a simple chemical route. Among the synthesized NCs, the trimetallic systems demonstrated superior photoluminescent and sensing properties. Specifically, the quantum yields of AuAgCd-Lyz and AuAgCd-GSH nanoclusters were determined to be 1.42% and 2.09%, respectively. Comparative analysis revealed that trimetallic NCs exhibited significantly enhanced sensitivity in the detection of the narcotic drugs amphetamine and morphine, supported by distinct differences in their photoluminescence (PL) lifetimes. Furthermore, AuAgCd-Lyz clusters outperformed their GSH- and MPA-stabilized counterparts, which is attributed to weaker Au-amide interactions compared to the stronger Au-thiol bonds, allowing for more favorable analyte-cluster interactions. Binding constant values calculated using the Benesi-Hildebrand equation were found to be Ka = 5.82 × 10³ M⁻¹ for amphetamine and 7.89 × 10³ M⁻¹ for morphine. These findings establish trimetallic nanoclusters, particularly those stabilized by lysozyme, as highly effective and selective fluorescent probes for drug sensing, surpassing the capabilities of mono- and bimetallic analogues. TOC GRAPHICS.

PMID 42552461
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PubMedBiomedical engineering and computational biology2026-08-05

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Hyoid Bone-Induced Compression on Carotid Artery Hemodynamics.

Nikbakhtian Behrad B, Eskandari Arshia A, Sharbatdar Mahkame M, Rassoli Aisa A

The carotid bifurcation plays a crucial role in cerebral perfusion, and its hemodynamic behavior is influenced by external factors, including interactions with surrounding anatomical structures. This study investigates the impact of hyoid bone-induced compression on carotid artery hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling. The results reveal significant alterations in time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), velocity distribution, and Von-Mises stress, highlighting the biomechanical effects of external compression at various arterial locations. Compression of the common carotid artery results in a marked reduction in downstream TAWSS, dropping from 3.68 Pa to 1.70 Pa, and a substantial increase in OSI, reaching up to 0.46, suggesting disturbed flow patterns that may contribute to pathological vessel remodeling. In contrast, compression at the internal carotid artery leads to localized elevations in TAWSS, reaching approximately 6.90 Pa at the contact site and 7.80 Pa at the bifurcation, while OSI remains relatively low (around 0.22). Similarly, high oscillatory low magnitude shear index (HOLMES) levels decrease significantly after compression of the common carotid artery, from 1.23 Pa to 0.41 Pa, but increase when the internal carotid artery is compressed, peaking at 3.30 Pa at the contact site and 2.60 Pa downstream within the external carotid artery. Velocity streamline analysis demonstrates prominent vortex formation at the bifurcation, particularly in cases where direct compression occurs at this site, indicating disrupted and recirculating flow. Von-Mises stress analysis shows the highest stress concentration at the contact region across all cases. The lowest stress is observed with common carotid compression (approximately 0.6 MPa), while higher stresses occur in the bifurcation and internal carotid cases (around 1.5 MPa). The greatest mechanical stress, reaching approximately 1.9 MPa, is seen when the external carotid artery is compressed, indicating a higher risk of structural damage in this region. These results improve understanding of the effects of external anatomical interactions on carotid artery hemodynamics and motivate further investigation of their clinical significance. Future investigations should prioritize patient-specific modeling and in vivo validation to better assess the long-term vascular health impacts of hyoid bone-induced compression.

PMID 42553483
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PubMedMolecular psychiatry2026-08-05

Psychedelics and women's mental health: the effects of female sex hormones on psychedelics' efficacy and tolerability.

Kuypers Kim P C KPC, Mason Natasha L NL, Carlier Aurelie A, Totomanova Iva I et al.

Women experience a disproportionate burden of affective and stress-related disorders, with symptom variability shaped by endocrine transitions across the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause. Although psychedelic-assisted therapies are increasingly investigated for these conditions, hormonal state represents a largely unaccounted determinant of variability in exposure, response, and tolerability. This narrative review synthesizes clinical, preclinical, and neuroimaging literature to examine how estradiol and progesterone modulate psychedelic pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and large-scale brain network dynamics implicated in psychiatric disorders. At the pharmacokinetic level, sex hormones influence gastrointestinal physiology (including gastric pH and transit time), tissue distribution via body composition and fluid balance, and hepatic metabolism through modulation of CYP450 enzymes, particularly CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, which are key pathways for LSD and psilocin biotransformation. Renal elimination plays a comparatively minor role. These processes may collectively alter onset, peak concentration, and systemic exposure across hormonal states, although direct human data for psychedelics remain absent. At the pharmacodynamic level, estradiol and progesterone regulate serotonergic signaling, including dynamic modulation of 5-HT2A receptor density and binding across the menstrual cycle and reproductive lifespan. Platelet, PET, and SPECT studies indicate higher 5-HT2A availability in low-progesterone states and reduced availability in progesterone-dominant or hypoestrogenic states. Beyond 5-HT2A, psychedelics engage broader serotonergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems that converge on prefrontal-limbic, default mode, and salience networks, circuits that are also dysregulated across depression, anxiety, and trauma-related disorders. Hormonal fluctuations may further influence subjective intensity and tolerability, with potential sensitivity peaks in the early-mid follicular and early luteal phases, although direct evidence remains limited. Together, these findings suggest sex hormones as a mechanistically plausible, clinically relevant but under-characterized source of variability in psychedelic treatment response.

PMID 42552418
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PubMedMaterials horizons2026-08-05

Entanglement-mediated bulk energy dissipation enables strong and tough UV-curable adhesives.

Su Tong T, Wong Chunyu C, Liu Jiashuo J, Ma Yunchi Y et al.

Tough adhesives require efficient bulk energy dissipation, yet the molecular design principles for achieving this without sacrificing adhesion strength remain a challenge. Here, we report a chain-length regulation strategy for UV-curable acrylate adhesives, in which long polymer strands between cross-linking points generate effective entanglements, thereby promoting bulk energy dissipation during debonding. The resulting adhesives achieve exceptional adhesion strength (23.13 MPa) and ultrahigh adhesion toughness (36.77 kJ m-2). Fracture measurements and digital image correlation show that the long-chain entangled network markedly increases bulk fracture energy by delocalizing crack-tip strain into an enlarged deformation process zone and retarding crack propagation. Chain-dynamics and chain-conformation analyses further confirm the role of entanglement by revealing a broader relaxation spectrum and a much larger releasable conformational length in the long-chain network that enhances bulk energy dissipation. We further demonstrate its application potential and excellent long-term environmental stability, together with a physics-informed prediction of long-term adhesion retention across practical service temperatures. These results establish chain-length regulation as an effective molecular design strategy for strong and tough adhesives.

PMID 42552935
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PubMedMacromolecules2026-08-05

Peripheral Dendritic Functionalization Effects on the Self-Assembly and Thermoresponsive Behavior of Nonionic Amphiphilic Linear-Dendritic Block Copolymers in Aqueous Media.

Martín-Martín Javier J, Folch-Cirujeda Luis L, Yus Cristina C, Nogales Aurora A et al.

Nonionic amphiphilic block copolymers with a precise linear-dendritic architecture that exhibit thermoresponsive behavior in water are described. These copolymers consist of a hydrophilic poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block connected to a thermoresponsive block based on the fourth generation of 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)-propionic acid (bis-MPA) polyester dendron, functionalized at the periphery with either ureido or glycinamide groups. In water, these linear-dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) self-assemble into different nanostructures whose size, morphology, and thermoresponse are strongly dependent on the peripheral groups and PEG chain length. The LDBC bearing peripheral ureido groups self-assembles into small micelles that, above the cloud point temperature (T cp), evolve into a coacervate phase rather than fully dissolve. In contrast, the glycinamide-functionalized LDBCs display characteristic UCST-type behavior. The results demonstrate that subtle structural variations in the dendron periphery within a precise linear-dendritic architecture induce significant differences in the self-assembly and thermoresponse in water. Preliminary studies on the encapsulation and thermally triggered release of Nile Red, together with high cytocompatibility of these LDBCs toward several eukaryotic cell lines, suggest their potential for drug delivery systems.

PMID 42553644
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