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hyoscyamine sulfate

✓ Approved

Lumara Health · CHRM1 · 小分子

什么是 hyoscyamine sulfate？

hyoscyamine sulfate 是一种小分子，由Lumara Health研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

公司Lumara Health
药物类别小分子
分子靶点CHRM1, CHRM2, CHRM3, CHRM4
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Lumara Health

作用机制

分子靶点

hyoscyamine sulfate 作用于 4 个分子靶点：

CHRM1cholinergic receptor muscarinic 1 (M1, HM1)
CHRM2cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2 (HM2)
CHRM3cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 (HM3, PBS)
CHRM4cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4 (HM4, M4R)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

hyoscyamine sulfate 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Gastrointestinal disordersColitis ulcerative✓ Approved
Gastrointestinal disordersIrritable bowel syndrome✓ Approved
Renal and urinary disordersUrinary tract inflammation✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCureus2026-08-05

Use of Antibiotic-Eluting Calcium Sulfate in the Management of Post-surgical Spinal Infections and Spondylodiscitis: A Case Series.

Dave Bharatkumar R BR, Krishnan Ajay A, Mayi Shivanand C SC, Rai Ravi Ranjan RR et al.

Postoperative spinal infections, including spondylodiscitis and surgical site infections (SSI) following instrumentation, remain significant complications associated with considerable morbidity and complex management. Standard treatment often involves extensive surgical debridement, implant removal or revision, and prolonged systemic antibiotic therapy; however, achieving adequate local antibiotic concentrations can be challenging. In this retrospective case series, we evaluate the use of bioabsorbable calcium sulfate as a local antibiotic delivery system in eight adult patients (≥18 years; four women; mean age: 58.6 years) managed for post-instrumentation spinal infections between 2021 and 2025. Patient inclusion required a confirmed deep surgical site infection or spondylodiscitis with implant involvement, while patients with severe renal impairment or superficial infections were excluded. Surgical management included thorough debridement combined with implant removal or revision and, where indicated, reconstructive procedures such as corpectomy and interbody fusion. Antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate (Stimulan, Biocomposites Ltd., Staffordshire, United Kingdom) beads were used for local antibiotic delivery based on intraoperative assessment and microbiological considerations. All patients tolerated the procedure well, with no immediate complications attributable to the calcium sulfate implantation. Favorable clinical outcomes were observed in all cases, with the resolution of symptoms, normalization of inflammatory markers, and radiological evidence of infection control during follow-up. The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.0 days. These findings suggest that antibiotic-eluting calcium sulfate is a safe and effective adjunct in the management of postoperative spinal infections, facilitating targeted local antibiotic delivery and contributing to successful infection control.

PMID 42553571
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PubMedAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2026-08-05

Orbital Engineering via Double-Exchange Interaction in a Bimetallic MOF for Electrocatalytic C─S Coupling of CO2 and Sulfate.

Gao Zijian Z, Sun Yu Y, Bai Yiling Y, Wang Runzhi R et al.

Guided by molecular orbital theory, we have designed and synthesized a novel bimetallic metal-organic framework (BTC-Co-O-Cu-BTA) for the electrocatalytic C─S coupling of CO2 and sulfate. The integration of edge/corner-sharing CoO6 octahedra and CuO5 square pyramids establishes a robust double-exchange interaction (DEI). This interaction effectively modulates the spin states of the cobalt and copper sites while optimizing their electronic configurations. This tailored electronic environment disrupts the hyperconjugation symmetry of the S─O bonds in sulfate, enabling the simultaneous activation of both CO2 and sulfate. Consequently, the catalyst achieves highly efficient C─S coupling with a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 17.43% under a pure CO2 atmosphere, significantly outperforming conventional systems. Through in-situ FTIR, NMR, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that this bimetallic synergy substantially lowers the reaction energy barrier and allows for the capture of key dynamic intermediates. Furthermore, magnetic measurements reveal a DEI-induced transition from an antiferromagnetic to a ferromagnetic electronic state, successfully validating our proposed orbital engineering mechanism. This work provides a novel strategy for activating inert chemical bonds and establishes fundamental principles for the design of high-performance electrocatalysts.

PMID 42554344
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PubMedRenal failure2026-08-05

Indoxyl sulfate exacerbates chronic inflammation and susceptibility to severe infection via modulating T-cell CD73/adenosine signaling in chronic kidney disease.

Cao JiLai J, Nie Yuxin Y, Cao Xuesen X, Chen Xiaohong X et al.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health issue. Cardiovascular events and infections drive mortality in end-stage renal disease via immune dysregulation. The role of T-cell purinergic signaling and its modulation by indoxyl sulfate (IS) in CKD remains unclear. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy. The CKD + IS group received daily IS (100 μg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 24 weeks; control group received saline. Samples were collected 2-6 h post-injection. Sepsis was induced via cecal ligation and puncture. Splenic T-cell mRNA cluster of differentiation (CD) 73, CD39, A2A receptor (A2AR), P2X purinergic receptor (P2RX7), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Plasma cytokines, vascular injury markers (asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)), and myocardial markers (cardiac troponin T (cTnT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Peripheral purine metabolites (adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, adenosine (ADO)) were analyzed via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Survival was monitored for 72 h. IS exacerbated baseline microinflammation, elevating plasma cytokines (interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and T-cell NF-κB. This coincided with disrupted anti-inflammatory purinergic signaling, characterized by downregulated CD73/A2AR and reduced ADO. Post-infection, the CKD + IS group showed profound CD73 suppression and ADO depletion. Despite blunted cytokine surges, this group exhibited aggravated vascular and myocardial injury (elevated ADMA, ICAM-1, cTnT, BNP) and significantly higher 72-hour mortality. Indoxyl sulfate disrupts the T-cell CD73/ADO axis, promoting basal microinflammation while impairing anti-infective immunity and exacerbating organ damage during sepsis. Targeting the IS-CD73-ADO pathway offers a therapeutic strategy for restoring immune homeostasis in uremia.

PMID 42552963
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PubMedClinical endoscopy2026-08-05

Oral sulfate-based versus low-volume polyethylene glycol-ascorbate regimens for colonoscopy preparation in the geriatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Bardak Ali Emre AE, Teker Gizem G, Yalcin Yusuf Y, Mitev Stefan S et al.

Adequate bowel preparation is essential for high-quality colonoscopy; however, older adults often struggle with large-volume regimens. Low-volume oral sulfate (OS)-based and polyethylene glycol-ascorbate (PEG-Asc) may improve tolerability without compromising efficacy. This study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of these regimens in older adults. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception until May 2025 for randomized controlled trials comparing OS with low-volume PEG-Asc in adults aged ≥65 years. Outcomes were pooled using random-effects models as risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs). Six trials (n=682; OS, 340; PEG-Asc, 342) were included. The overall cleansing success rates were comparable (RR, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96-1.03). Total Boston bowel preparation scale and segmental scores did not significantly differ between the groups (MD, 0.08; 95% CI, -0.10 to 0.27). OS improved lesion detection in terms of polyp detection (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.45) and adenoma detection rates (RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.10-1.49). Patient-reported satisfaction modestly favored OS compared with PEG-Asc (MD, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.10-1.29), whereas willingness to reuse was similar between the two groups (RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.97-1.23). Adverse events and procedural metrics did not significantly differ between the groups. In adults aged ≥65 years, OS and low-volume PEG-Asc achieved similar cleansing quality and safety. OS may confer higher polyp and adenoma detection rates than PEG-Asc and may be a reasonable option for maximizing lesion detection.

PMID 42552919
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PubMedJournal of toxicology2026-08-05

Spatiotemporal Distribution, Risk, and Source Identification of Organochlorine Pesticides in the Surface Water of Shitalakshya River, Bangladesh.

Islam Md Mazharul MM, Shoeb Mohammad M, Mamun Md Iqbal Rouf MIR

This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the surface water (n = 60) of Shitalakshya River, Bangladesh, by an optimized and validated LLE-GC-ECD method by calibration (0.10-5.00 µgL-1), linearity (R 2 = 0.995-0.999), recovery (80.11%-117.10%), precision, specificity, selectivity, LODs (0.0009-0.0026 µgL-1), and LOQs (0.0027-0.0079 µgL-1). Among the targeted OCPs, α-BHC (0.01-0.19 µgL-1), δ-BHC (0.01-0.27 µgL-1), chlordane (0.01-0.23 µgL-1), endosulfan (0.01 and 1.56 µgL-1), 4,4'-DDE (0.01-2.14 µgL-1), dieldrin (0.03-0.58 µgL-1), endrin (0.01-2.96 µgL-1), 4,4'-DDD (0.01-4.07 µgL-1), endrin aldehyde (0.01-3.72 µgL-1), 4,4'-DDT (0.01-0.02 µgL-1), and endosulfan sulfate (0.03-2.05 µgL-1) were detected with varying frequencies. These levels were below the international guideline values, except 4,4'-DDE in Kanchon (2.14 μgL-1), dieldrin in Kanchpur (0.10 μgL-1), Atlapur (0.12 μgL-1), Ghorashal (0.45 μgL-1), Charshindur (0.58 μgL-1) and Kapasia (0.03 μgL-1), endrin in Kapasia (2.96 μgL-1), 4,4'-DDD in Kalagachhia (1.63 μgL-1), Narayanganj (0.69 μgL-1), Nabiganj (1.95 μgL-1), Ichakhali (1.05 μgL-1), Kanchon (0.57 μgL-1), Atlapur (1.02 μgL-1), Ghorashal (2.51 μgL-1), and Charshindur (4.07 μgL-1). The occurrence of OCPs exhibited pronounced spatiotemporal variation, with the highest concentrations and detection frequencies observed during the dry seasons (L. autumn, autumn, winter, and spring), indicating reduced dilution and possible remobilization from contaminated sediments. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed distinct sources, with endosulfans and BHCs dominating at Kanchon, whereas dieldrin, endrin, and chlordane were more strongly associated with Ghorashal and nearby locations, suggesting localized anthropogenic inputs and legacy pollution sources. While risk is generally low, specific exceedances (H q  > 1) were observed in L. Autumn 2022 for 4,4'-DDD, indicating a localized noncarcinogenic hazard. While the immediate screening-level risks are low across most seasons, the high chemical persistence and bioaccumulation over time warrant continued monitoring and proactive water management.

PMID 42553604
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PubMedEnvironmental research2026-08-04

The mechanism of achieving in-situ sulfide control while completing nitrate reduction in the anoxic stage of anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process.

Xu Hao H, Tang Shilong S, Wang Yayi Y, Wu Min M

In the anoxic stage of anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) process, similar to the anaerobic stage, sulfate can be reduced by sulfate-reducing bacteria to sulfide, threatening human health and environmental security. Without affecting nitrogen removal, utilizing nitrate refluxed from the oxic stage to directly interfere with sulfide conversion might be an effective strategy for in-situ sulfide control. Herein, the performance and mechanism of nitrate reduction on inhibiting sulfate reduction and controlling sulfide were explored for the first time in a lab-scale anoxic bioreactor in depth. The results indicated that sulfate reduction was negatively correlated (p<0.05) with nitrate reduction. In a semicontinuous experiment, compared with the group without nitrate, hydrogen sulfide and dissolved sulfide concentrations continuously and stably decreased by 68.62±1.66 % and 49.10±2.16 %, respectively, while 50 mg/L nitrate was completely reduced. Besides, the microbial community shifted from a simple structure dominated by sulfate-reducing bacteria to a complicated and hierarchically organized structure dominated by nitrate-reducing bacteria. Among them, heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria were easier to utilize organics, which was a primary reason for sulfide control and nitrogen removal, while autotrophic nitrate-reducing sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were a secondary contributor. Furthermore, the expressions of sulfate-reducing genes were down-regulated, whereas the expressions of most sulfide-oxidizing genes and nitrate-reducing genes were up-regulated. This study provides a valuable idea and its theoretical foundation for achieving in-situ sulfide control coupled with nitrogen removal in the anoxic tank of A2/O.

PMID 42546871
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