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rituximab (Rituxirel / Toritz)

✓ Approved

Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited · MS4A1 · 单克隆抗体

什么是 rituximab？

rituximab 是一种单克隆抗体，由Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intracerebral/cerebroventricular Injection、Intravenous (IV)、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Rituxirel, Toritz
公司Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited
药物类别单克隆抗体, 抗体
分子靶点MS4A1
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intracerebral/cerebroventricular Injection, Intravenous (IV), Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited

作用机制

分子靶点

rituximab 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

MS4A1membrane spanning 4-domains A1 (S7, B1)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

rituximab 针对 8 个适应症，涉及 4 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma✓ Approved
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersRheumatoid arthritis✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)B-cell lymphomaPreclinical
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Chronic lymphocytic leukaemiaPreclinical
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Mantle cell lymphomaPreclinical

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相关研究文献

PubMedJournal of education & teaching in emergency medicine2026-08-06

Hematoma, Hemarthrosis, and Hemotympanum: A Case Report of Acquired Hemophilia A.

Wolff Andrea A, Dahlen Ivy I, Singavi Arun A

A 75-year-old female with no prior history of bleeding disorders presented to the emergency department with spontaneous sublingual hematoma, hemarthrosis, hemotympanum, and cutaneous ecchymoses. She denied anticoagulant use, recent trauma, or underlying systemic disease. Initial laboratory findings revealed an isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) that failed to correct with mixing studies. Factor VIII activity was markedly reduced, and the presence of factor VIII inhibitors was confirmed, leading to a diagnosis of acquired hemophilia A (AHA). Management included recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) for hemostatic control, corticosteroids for immunosuppression, and weekly rituximab for inhibitor eradication. During her hospital course, serial monitoring demonstrated a decreasing inhibitor titer and improving coagulation profile. She was discharged and completed four weeks of rituximab and a steroid taper, with complete normalization of coagulation profile and inhibitor eradication within four weeks. This case underscores the importance of recognizing AHA in patients with unexplained bleeding and prolonged aPTT. Prompt diagnosis and targeted therapy are critical in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this rare but potentially life-threatening disorder.1,2. Acquired hemophilia A, spontaneous bleeding, factor VIII inhibitors, prolonged aPTT, Bethesda assay, recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa), immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID 42559514
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PubMedLupus2026-08-06

Network meta-analysis of triple immunosuppressive therapies and standard of care for induction of remission of active lupus nephritis.

Contreras Gabriel G, Mechery Vinodh V, Kota Sanjana S, Del Castillo Rix Daniel D et al.

BackgroundIn patients with active lupus nephritis (LN), 8 different triple immunosuppressive therapies have been compared to the standard of care (SOC) of double immunosuppressive therapy in 12 induction randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The triple immunosuppressive therapies of SOC+Tacrolimus, SOC+Voclosporin, SOC+Belimumab, and SOC+Obinutuzumab compared to SOC alone demonstrated significantly higher remission of LN without excessive risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) and serious infectious events (SIEs) in RCTs. Direct or indirect comparisons among triple immunosuppressive therapies have not been studied. In this network meta-analysis (NMA), we systematically provide indirect comparisons of the relative efficacy and safety of triple immunosuppressive therapies, ranking them according to efficacy achieving primary renal remission (PRR) of LN and safety reducing the risk of SAEs and SIEs.ResultsThe NMA included predominantly women with LN. In direct pairwise comparisons, SOC+Tacrolimus (benefit ratio 1.91 [95% Credible Interval 1.45 to 2.56]), SOC+Voclosporin (1.69 [1.30 to 2.23]), SOC+Obinutuzumab (1.41 [1.09 to 1.84]), and SOC+Belimumab (1.32 [1.04 to 1.69]) had significantly higher PRR compared to SOC alone. In indirect pairwise comparisons, patients who received SOC+Tacrolimus compared to SOC+Rituximab (2.30 [1.27 to 4.20]), SOC+Anifrolumab (1.98 [1.07 to 3.52]), SOC+Ocrelizumab (1.81 [1.12 to 2.82]), and SOC+Abatacept (1.78 [1.07 to 2.91]) had significantly higher PRR. Patients who received SOC+Voclosporin compared to SOC+Rituximab (2.03 [1.14 to 2.68]) had significantly higher PRR. SOC+Belimumab, SOC+Obinutuzumab, SOC+Voclosporin and SOC+Tacrolimus ranked as effective therapies inducing PRR with SUCRA probability scores between 61.14% and 95.12%. Risk ratios of SAE and SIE were not significantly different among the immunosuppressive therapies.ConclusionIn patients with LN, induction therapies of SOC with calcineurin inhibitors had the highest relative benefit achieving remission of LN.

PMID 42557215
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PubMedBMJ case reports2026-08-06

Unmasking dermatomyositis in a patient with hypothyroid myopathy.

Poudel Sagar S, Jain Siddharth S, Sharma Mehar Chand MC, Mahajan Swati S et al.

Dermatomyositis (DM) and hypothyroid myopathy are both treatable causes of muscle weakness and can present with overlapping clinical and laboratory features, posing a diagnostic challenge. We report the case of a young male who presented with proximal upper and lower limb muscle weakness, calf muscle hypertrophy and elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) and was found to have hypothyroidism. Muscle weakness and hyperCKemia persisted despite normalisation of thyroid function, prompting a muscle biopsy and extended autoantibody testing, which revealed anti-Ku-positive DM characterised by perivascular inflammation, perifascicular atrophy and membrane attack complex deposition. High-dose corticosteroids led to partial improvement and subsequent rituximab therapy achieved sustained clinical and biochemical remission. This case emphasises the importance of considering dual aetiology when appropriate treatment of the primary diagnosis does not yield expected results. Early biopsy and comprehensive serological evaluation could lead to excellent clinical outcomes.

PMID 42557000
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PubMedBMJ case reports2026-08-06

Diagnostic challenge of human herpesvirus 8-associated multicentric Castleman disease in a patient living with HIV disease.

Atithammarak Sasiwan S, Suwanpimolkul Gompol G

A man in his early 30s presented with a 4-month history of low-grade fever and chronic dry cough. Three months before admission, he developed persistent low-grade fever, rash and bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. He was diagnosed with HIV infection and started on tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir. Two weeks before admission, he developed right-sided pleuritic chest pain. Chest CT revealed bilateral pleural effusions and generalised lymphadenopathy involving the lower cervical, mediastinal and axillary regions. An excisional biopsy of a right lower cervical lymph node demonstrated hyaline-vascular architecture, including 'lollipop' lesions and onion-skinning of the mantle zones. Immunohistochemistry showed human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)-positive plasmacytoid cells within the mantle zones, without malignant features, consistent with HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). The patient continued antiretroviral therapy and received rituximab 375 mg/m² every week for four cycles. He achieved complete resolution of the pleural effusions. This case illustrates the variable clinical presentation of HHV-8-associated MCD in a patient living with HIV.

PMID 42557001
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PubMedFrontiers in reproductive health2026-08-06

Case Report: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with bilateral mature ovarian teratomas in early pregnancy.

Bilyalova Gulshat G, Gassanova Elmira E, Turzhanova Dinara D, Iskalieva Saira S et al.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis that may present with acute psychiatric symptoms, seizures, movement disorders, impaired consciousness and autonomic dysfunction. A 30-year-old previously healthy woman at 10-11 weeks of gestation was admitted to the intensive care unit after an approximately 2-3-week history, reported by relatives, of insomnia, behavioral change, auditory and visual hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, aggressive behavior, and a generalized tonic-clonic seizure before admission. On admission, the patient had severe encephalopathy and subsequently required mechanical ventilation because of hypoventilation. Cerebrospinal fluid testing detected IgG antibodies against NMDAR at a titer of 1:160. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a right hippocampal lesion consistent with limbic encephalitis, and pelvic ultrasonography identified adnexal masses suspicious for teratoma. Prolonged EEG demonstrated diffuse delta-theta slowing with a delta-brush pattern, without findings consistent with focal or myoclonic seizures. The patient received high-dose methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, rituximab, pregnancy-conscious antiseizure therapy, individualized pregnancy management, and laparoscopic removal of bilateral mature ovarian teratomas. Following combined immunotherapy, ventilatory and supportive ICU care, antiseizure therapy, individualized maternal-fetal management, and tumor removal, the recurrent motor events ceased by the end of the first postoperative week. The patient's consciousness, speech, and motor function gradually improved. This case highlights that anti-NMDAR encephalitis in pregnancy requires early cerebrospinal fluid antibody testing, exclusion of infectious mimics, supportive neurocritical care, prompt immunotherapy, timely teratoma removal and individualized reasoning regarding pregnancy management.

PMID 42558765
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PubMedRheumatology advances in practice2026-08-06

Current and future advances in practice: polyarteritis nodosa and related vasculitides.

Watts Richard A RA

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare vasculitis affecting predominately medium-sized vessels. Our evolving understanding of PAN, including the role of HBV and discovery of monogenic variants such as deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2), has resulted in idiopathic PAN becoming a very rare condition with an annual incidence of 0.6-19.9/million. The investigative approach is to assess organ involvement and confirm the diagnosis either by imaging or biopsy. Conventional catheter angiography is being replaced by CT or MR angiography, which provide increasingly good resolution of the typical fusiform narrowing and aneurysm. ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) should be excluded. DADA2 is being more frequently identified as causing a PAN-like illness, especially in children; cases presenting in adulthood are now recognised. In children and most adults, genotyping for DADA2 should be undertaken. There are no high-quality randomised controlled trials of treatment in idiopathic PAN. Current approaches have been adapted from those used to treat other types of vasculitis. The five-factor score may be used to stratify patients to identify those needing intensive therapy with glucocorticoids combined with CYC. In order to reduce the burden of glucocorticoid toxicity, the ACR has advocated the use of immunosuppressive drugs in addition to steroids in those not initially receiving CYC. Unlike AAV, there appears to be little role for rituximab in the treatment of idiopathic PAN, although it is occasionally used as salvage therapy. HBV-associated PAN is treated with immunosuppression and antiviral therapy. There is reasonably good evidence to support the use of anti-TNF to treat DADA2.

PMID 42559421
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