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LH

LH + FSH (Menopur / LH + FSH, Ferring / Meropur)

✓ Approved

Ferring · FSHR

什么是 LH + FSH？

LH + FSH 是一种治疗药物，由Ferring研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Menopur, LH + FSH, Ferring, Meropur
公司Ferring
分子靶点FSHR, LHCGR
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Ferring

作用机制

分子靶点

LH + FSH 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

FSHRfollicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHRO, ODG1)
LHCGRluteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (ULG5, LH/CGR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

LH + FSH 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Reproductive system and breast disordersInfertility female✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedEuropean journal of endocrinology2026-08-04

Chronic Subcutaneous Kisspeptin-10 Stimulates Gonadotropin Secretion for 12 Days in Healthy Men.

Yeung Arthur C AC, Phylactou Maria M, Koysombat Kanyada K, Tsoutsouki Jovanna J et al.

To develop a protocol for chronic kisspeptin administration that persistently stimulates gonadotropin secretion. We evaluated the effects of acute and chronic subcutaneous kisspeptin-10 administration on reproductive hormones in healthy men to: (i) characterize the acute dose-response relationship to subcutaneous kisspeptin-10 infusion, (ii) assess the effects of continuous kisspeptin-10 infusion over 5-days, (iii) daily intermittent administration (8-hours on, 16-hours off) for 12-days. Randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Overall, 15 healthy men were recruited (Study 1: n=7, Study 2: n=4; Study 3: n=7); 12 men served as controls. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone, were assessed during an acute 8-hour dose-response subcutaneous kisspeptin-10 infusions (1.25-10.0 nmol/kg/h). Thereafter, we evaluated chronic subcutaneous administration, including continuous kisspeptin-10 infusion at 180 nmol/h for 5-days, and daily 8-hour infusions at 150 nmol/h for 12-days. (i) Acute subcutaneous kisspeptin-10 infusions dose-dependently increased LH, FSH, and testosterone vs vehicle (p<0.0001). (ii) Although testosterone concentrations remained elevated after 5-days of continuous kisspeptin-10, gonadotropin concentrations were similar to vehicle. (iii) Daily 8h subcutaneous infusions over 12-days sustained increases in gonadotropins (mean LH increase: vehicle -0.16 ±0.19; Day 1: +1.68 ±0.25; Day 12: +1.14 ±0.33, p=0.003 vs vehicle). Following 12-days, gonadotropin rises were still detected after kisspeptin-10 bolus (1nmol/kg) indicating that the kisspeptin receptor remained functional. We demonstrate that chronic subcutaneous kisspeptin administration sustain gonadotropin and testosterone secretion in healthy men for 12-days. These data can inform development of chronic kisspeptin administration protocols for the treatment of reproductive disorders.

PMID 42549827
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PubMedJournal of pediatric surgery2026-08-04

Gonadal function and fertility outcomes after orchiopexy versus orchiectomy for testicular torsion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nasr Aya M AM, Zamlout Ali A, Alghzawi Hamzah M HM, Youssef Youssef Ali YA et al.

To review the early and late changes in hormonal profiles, semen parameters, and clinical outcomes in patients treated with orchiopexy versus orchiectomy for testicular torsion. A systematic search was conducted across MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other databases, following PRISMA guidelines. FSH, LH, testosterone, inhibin-B, and semen parameters. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework. Statistical analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Eleven studies involving 538 participants (197 orchiectomy, 341 orchiopexy) were included. Orchiectomy was associated with a significant increase in FSH (SMD: 1.63, P<0.0001) and LH (SMD: 1.31, P<0.0001) compared to orchiopexy. However, testosterone (MD: 0.31 ng/mL; P=0.4) and inhibin-B (SMD: -0.14; P=0.87) levels were comparable between groups. Regarding semen parameters, orchiectomy resulted in a significant reduction in sperm concentration (MD: -18 million/mL, P=0.01). No significant differences were found in sperm count (MD: 13.9 million; P=0.43), normal morphology (MD: 4.97%; P=0.12), or total motility (MD: 4.05%; P=0.49). The pooled rate for ipsilateral atrophy following orchiopexy was 38%, which likely depends on ischemia duration. Surgical choice in testicular torsion does not significantly affect the overall hormonal balance or most semen parameters due to compensatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Clinical decisions should consider individual case factors, as we lack reliable data on subsequent paternity rates.

PMID 42546903
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PubMedCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2026-08-04

An Olfactory Piriform Cortex-Lateral Hypothalamus Neural Circuit Contributes to Linalool-Induced Analgesia.

Zhu Yunhe Y, Sun Jingping J, Wang Shan S, Zhang Qidong Q et al.

Aromatherapy-mediated analgesia is widely applied, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the neurobiological basis underlying linalool-induced attenuation of inflammatory pain. A complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced hind-paw inflammatory pain model was used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of linalool odor exposure through mechanical and thermal nociceptive threshold tests, together with conditioned place preference. Viral tracing, in vivo fiber photometry, electrophysiological recordings, and chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulations were employed to identify and functionally characterize the neural circuits underlying linalool-induced analgesia. Linalool odor exposure increased mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds and induced pain relief-associated place preference in CFA mice. Linalool exposure activated orexin A-expressing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHorexin A) and LH-projecting glutamatergic neurons in the piriform cortex (PiriGlu-LH). Electrophysiological recordings demonstrated functional excitatory monosynaptic connectivity from the Piri to the LH. Activation of LH-projecting PiriGlu neurons produced analgesic effects in CFA mice, whereas inhibition of this pathway attenuated linalool-induced analgesia. Our study identified an olfactory cortex-hypothalamic circuit contributing to linalool-induced antinociceptive effects, providing mechanistic insight into olfactory modulation of inflammatory pain.

PMID 42549761
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PubMedEndokrynologia Polska2026-08-04

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Wutke-Ostręga Joanna J, Szul Mateusz M, Tymińska Paulina P, Frączek Julia J et al.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction,and metabolic disturbances. Chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance are key components of its pathophysiology.Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been associated with systemic inflammation and metabolic alterations and may potentially affectendocrine function. The aim of this study was to assess whether H. pylori infection is associated with changes in hormonal parameters,including increased severity of hyperandrogenism, in women with PCOS. A total of 150 patients aged 18-40 years were included and classified according to PCOS diagnosis and H. pyloriinfection status into four groups. PCOS was diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria. Active H. pylori infection was assessed usinga stool antigen test. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and fasting blood samples were analyzed for hormonal (including totaland free testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS, SHBG, LH, FSH, AMH, prolactin, cortisol) and metabolic parameters (glucose, insulin,HOMA-IR). Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests for between-group comparisons and categorical analyses, with correctionfor multiple comparisons where appropriate. No significant differences in age, BMI, or WHR were observed between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative groups. Amongpatients with PCOS, H. pylori infection was not associated with significant differences in androgen concentrations (total and free testosterone,androstenedione, DHEAS, FAI) or other hormonal parameters. No significant differences were observed in gonadotropins, AMH,prolactin, cortisol, or metabolic parameters, including glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. In patients without PCOS, minor differences inhormonal parameters were observed; however, these were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. The frequencyof abnormal laboratory results did not differ between groups. In this cohort of young women, H. pylori infection, detected using a stool antigen test, was not associated with clinically meaningful alterations in androgen levels or ovarian reserve in women with PCOS. These findings suggest that the endocrine profile inPCOS is primarily determined by intrinsic pathophysiological mechanisms of the syndrome, which may mask the potential impact ofchronic H. pylori infection.

PMID 42549658
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PubMedFrontiers in neuroscience2026-08-04

Corticotropin-releasing factor neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis modulate avoidance behaviors and feeding.

Romero Juan Manuel JM, Stafford-Trujillo Shae-Marie SM, Mendoza Mitzy M, Chin Pey-Shyuan PS et al.

Animals rely on defensive avoidance of exposed or potentially threatening environments as a fundamental survival strategy, often expressing this behavior as thigmotaxis, or a preference for the periphery of an open space. However, researchers still do not understand how neural circuits coordinate avoidance behavior with competing physiological drives such as feeding. In this study, we investigate how corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-expressing neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) integrate environmental avoidance and feeding behavior. We used adult male and female mice and applied fiber photometry to monitor BNST CRF neuronal activity in vivo. We performed both acute and chronic manipulations of these neurons to test their causal role in behavior. We used behavioral assays to measure avoidance (thigmotaxis) and food intake. We also conducted anatomical tracing to identify projections from BNST CRF neurons to hypothalamic regions and used axon terminal optogenetic stimulation to test the functional contributions of specific pathways. BNST CRF neurons increased their activity in response to diverse stressors. When we activated these neurons, mice showed increased periphery-oriented behavior and reduced food intake. Anatomical tracing revealed that BNST CRF neurons project to key hypothalamic regions, including the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH). When we stimulated BNST CRF→LH projections, we observed both increased avoidance behavior and suppressed feeding. In contrast, stimulating BNST CRF→PVH projections did not significantly alter either behavior. Our findings identify BNST CRF neurons as a circuit node that integrates stress and feeding-related signals to bias behavioral output. Specifically, BNST CRF projections to the LH drive the coupling of avoidance and feeding suppression. These results provide new insight into how the brain coordinates competing motivational states such as avoidance and feeding.

PMID 42549128
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PubMedJournal of reproductive immunology2026-08-04

Exosomes derived from different sources of mesenchymal stem cells attenuate cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity.

Wei Mengtian M, Peng Hao H, Tian Haojun H, Wei Yingying Y et al.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) poses significant challenges to reproductive health due to follicular depletion and hormonal dysregulation. Despite advances in stem cell therapy, clinical translation remains hindered by donor variability and ethical constraints. This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSCMSC-exo) versus umbilical cord-derived MSC exosomes (hUCMSC-exo) for POI intervention. In vitro, both exosome types enhanced migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while iPSCMSC-exo additionally promoted proliferation. iPSCMSC-exo attenuated cisplatin-induced granulosa cell apoptosis, while both types suppressed p21-mediated cell cycle arrest. In the cisplatin-induced POI mouse model, exosome treatment effectively restored Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. However, the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes in restoring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and follicle counts was limited, as confirmed by synchrotron radiation microtomography revealing persistent structural depletion. Notably, iPSCMSC-exo demonstrated functional outcomes similar to hUCMSC-exo. The autologous origin and scalable production of iPSCMSCs address donor heterogeneity and supply limitations inherent to traditional MSC sources. Further optimization of targeted delivery systems is warranted to overcome biodistribution challenges and enhance structural regeneration.

PMID 42546485
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