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triamcinolone acetonide + moxifloxicin + vancomycin

✓ Approved

Harrow Health, Inc. · NR3C1 · 小分子

什么是 triamcinolone acetonide + moxifloxicin + vancomycin？

triamcinolone acetonide + moxifloxicin + vancomycin 是一种小分子，由Harrow Health, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intraocular Injection。

药物档案

公司Harrow Health, Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点NR3C1, ,
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intraocular Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Harrow Health, Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

triamcinolone acetonide + moxifloxicin + vancomycin 作用于 3 个分子靶点：

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
()
DNA gyrase subunit A, Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ()
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

triamcinolone acetonide + moxifloxicin + vancomycin 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Eye disordersCataract✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsEye infection✓ Approved
Eye disordersGlaucoma✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedBeyoglu eye journal2026-08-04

Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone or Combined with Intravitreal Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Diracoglu Aynur A, Agin Abdullah A, Cakir Mehmet M, Demirok Ahmet A

To compare the efficacy and safety of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) monotherapy versus combined intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide and bevacizumab (IVTA+IVB) therapy in the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). In this retrospective study, 66 eyes of 65 patients with BRVO-related macular edema were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: IVTA monotherapy (n=37) and IVTA+IVB combination therapy (n=29). Central macular thickness (CMT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured at baseline, week 1, and months 1, 3, and 6 after injection. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in BCVA and reductions in CMT compared with baseline (p<0.001), with no statistically significant differences between the groups at any follow-up time point. IOP was significantly elevated in the IVTA group at several time points (p<0.05), while the combination group showed stable IOP levels. New-onset glaucoma developed in 8 patients in the IVTA group and only 1 patient in the combination group. No serious ocular complications occurred in either group. Both treatment regimens provided comparable anatomical and visual improvements; however, combination therapy was associated with a more favorable safety profile. Although the use of IVTA has declined in contemporary clinical practice in favor of intravitreal dexamethasone implants, this study suggests that IVTA alone or in combination may still offer a viable and cost-effective alternative in regions where access to current therapies is limited or in low-resource settings.

PMID 42549240
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PubMedBone & joint research2026-08-04

A target-based population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis for intra-articular dosing regimen optimization of vancomycin in patients with periprosthetic joint infections.

Liu Wenyuan W, Wang Wei-Jun WJ, Ding Manzhen M, Zhang Minghao M et al.

Although intra-articular vancomycin has demonstrated satisfactory outcomes for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), dose and dosing frequency remain largely empirical. This study aimed to develop a target-based population pharmacokinetics (PK) model to predict local vancomycin exposure, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various regimens in patients with PJI. Patients with PJI who received intravenous (IV) infusion or intra-articular injection of vancomycin were included. Population PK analysis was performed using nonlinear mixed effects modelling. Monte Carlo simulations were used to assess pharmacodynamic target attainment against Staphylococcus species, and to evaluate vancomycin-associated safety risks. A total of 450 plasma and synovial fluid samples from 161 patients with PJI were analyzed. The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in synovial fluid were best described by a two-compartment joint model linked to a central plasma compartment. Creatinine clearancesignificantly affected systemic clearance, while age influenced the penetration from synovial fluid to the central compartment. Simulations suggested that intra-articular dosing of 500 mg once daily was sufficient for targets against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, whereas other coagulase-negative staphylococci required more intensive regimens, including 250 or 500 mg every 12 hours or 1,000 mg once daily. For patients with severe renal impairment, intra-articular administration alone provided adequate systemic exposure, and concomitant IV administration was not recommended. The intra-articular population PK model accurately characterized vancomycin concentrations in plasma and synovial fluid, supporting optimized intra-articular dosing regimens in patients with PJI according to renal function and age.

PMID 42547054
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PubMedCureus2026-08-04

A Case of Invasive Brevibacterium Bacteremia in a Severely Immunocompromised Patient.

Salim Anzi A, Maza Andrew A, Koppula Maheswara Reddy MR

Brevibacterium spp., previously considered nonpathogenic skin commensals, have emerged as opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised hosts with central venous catheters or malignancies. We report a case of Brevibacterium bacteremia in a 47-year-old HIV-positive woman with profound immunosuppression (CD4+ T-cell count of 1 cell/µL) but notably without any indwelling catheter or prosthetic device. The patient presented with syncope and pancytopenia and was ultimately diagnosed with Brevibacterium bacteremia after extensive workup. She was successfully treated with a two-week course of intravenous vancomycin, with resolution of bacteremia. This case highlights the need to consider these organisms in severely immunocompromised patients, even in the absence of indwelling catheters. Vancomycin remains an effective treatment.

PMID 42548484
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PubMedCPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology2026-08-04

Beyond Traditional Covariates: An Interpretable Machine Learning Workflow for Improved Hybrid Pharmacometric Modeling.

Relouw Freek J A FJA, Lokers Jort J M T JJMT, Preijers Tim T, Sassen Sebastiaan D T SDT et al.

Model-informed precision dosing is often constrained by the limited generalizability of traditional population pharmacokinetic models, especially in critically ill patients. A hybrid machine learning-population pharmacokinetic framework is proposed to improve a priori pharmacokinetic predictions by integrating real-world clinical data. This approach was applied to vancomycin trough concentration prediction. Two widely used two-compartment population pharmacokinetic models provided individual pharmacokinetic parameter estimates. Maximum a posteriori Bayesian estimation was used to adjust population parameters for individual patients based on drug administration records, therapeutic drug monitoring values, and patient-specific covariates from the MIMIC-IV database. The resulting clearance and central volume of distribution estimates served as training targets for XGBoost and symbolic regression models. Machine learning-predicted parameters were reinserted into the original pharmacokinetic equations to generate a priori vancomycin trough concentrations without reliance on therapeutic drug monitoring input. The hybrid models demonstrated improved prediction accuracy over traditional population pharmacokinetic covariate models and reduced vancomycin trough concentration prediction error by up to ~20%. XGBoost generally provided the highest predictive performance, while symbolic regression produced interpretable mathematical expressions revealing associations between non-traditional clinical predictors and pharmacokinetic parameters, highlighting a trade-off between accuracy and interpretability. This framework illustrates the potential of combining machine learning with population pharmacokinetic modeling to refine pharmacokinetic parameter estimation and support more precise, individualized dosing. The workflow is adaptable to other drugs and patient populations, offering a generalizable methodological strategy to identify non-traditional predictors and enhance existing pharmacometric model performance in real-world clinical settings.

PMID 42549629
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PubMedThe Journal of pathology2026-08-04

Vancomycin enriches Parabacteroides goldsteinii in the gut and promotes reconstruction of the hepatobiliary system in cholestasis.

Hsu Shu-Hao SH, Chua Huey-Huey HH, Liou Bang-Yu BY, Cheng Ya-Yuan YY et al.

Impaired bile secretion disrupts the gut microbiome and perpetuates cholestatic liver injury. Vancomycin (VCM) has been shown to improve cholestasis in human patients, but its biological effects remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of VCM on microbiome modulation and the restoration of liver function. VCM was administered in a modified Abcb11 knockout (KO) mice model with pre-existing cholestasis to examine its therapeutic effects and microbiome changes. After 2 weeks of treatment, VCM significantly decreased serum bilirubin while maintaining stable transaminase in the KO mice. Three-dimensional imaging of pan-CK expression by immunofluorescence revealed improvement of the disrupted biliary epithelium and interconnected bile duct network, as evidenced by increased coverage and cumulative duct length in the liver. Gene expression and hepatic bile acid profiling demonstrated that VCM enhanced canalicular/sinusoidal bile acid export while repressing bile acid synthesis, with a reduction in tauro-β-muricholic acid, the predominant bile acid in mice, in KO livers. Fecal microbial analysis using next-generation sequencing identified Parabacteroides goldsteinii (PG) as the predominant species after VCM treatment. KO mice fed PG demonstrated improved cholestasis, with significantly reduced direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, total bile acids in serum, as well as fewer reactive ductules in the liver. In vitro culture of ductal organoids suggested that PG directly promoted the growth of cholangiocytes. RNA sequencing results suggested that PG suppressed pro-inflammatory Lyz1 (mouse orthologous gene of human LYZ) and Aqp4 and increased pro-proliferative Muc6 and Chrm3. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of VCM in cholestasis by enriching PG in the gut and improving biliary structures in the liver, identifying PG as a potential probiotic with beneficial effects in cholestasis. © 2026 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

PMID 42549638
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PubMedPain physician2026-08-04

Safety and Effectiveness of Different Approaches for Epidural Steroid Injections in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Wilderman Igor I, Sarzetto Francesca F, Didari Tina T, Manor Rotem Frish RF et al.

Lumbar canal stenosis is a common degenerative disorder that causes pain and functional alterations. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are often used to treat the symptoms of this condition; however, treatment protocols can vary significantly, and no standardized practice for the management of lumbar canal stenosis has been established. To identify the optimal method of administration for maximizing the effectiveness and duration of pain relief and functionality improvements provided by ESIs. Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, EMBASE, and OVID for clinical trials published from January 2000 to December 2025 that examined the effectiveness of different ESI protocols to ameliorate pain and functionality in spinal stenosis patients. The search terms included ("lumbar spinal stenosis" OR "lumbar canal stenosis" or "lumbar foraminal stenosis") AND "epidural steroid/corticosteroid injection(s)" AND ("interlaminar" OR "caudal" OR "transforaminal" OR "route"). Studies that met exclusion criteria were those that did not use human patients, that were not focused on lumbar stenosis, that had no consistent protocol, or did not express their outcomes as decreases in pain intensity. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane RoB2 tool. We conducted a meta-analysis on the data from individual groups extracted from different studies, including sub-group and meta-regression analyses, to identify variables with significant effects. In total, 33 groups (comprising 1,350 patients) were extracted from 24 studies, with results from one week to 12 months after the injection. Most studies reported significant pain relief up to 3 months from the injections, and some reported that such pain relief persisted even after a year. Of all the factors that influenced the results, the type of steroid used had the greatest effect, with betamethasone providing the greatest and more prolonged relief. Triamcinolone and methylprednisolone offered similar initial levels of pain relief, though it decreased more rapidly, whereas dexamethasone showed the lowest level of benefits. Moreover, the pain relief effect was significantly weaker in patients with severe stenosis, and functionality improvements were also limited in patients with moderate/severe stenosis. In contrast, route of administration (transforaminal, interlaminar, or caudal), dose size, and other parameters showed no significant differences. Most groups included in the analysis were small, with 22 of the 33 (66.7%) having fewer than 50 patients, and only one group including more than 100. Furthermore, the results overall were significantly heterogeneous, and the follow-up times varied, meaning that some subgroups had only one result or none whatsoever at certain time points and limiting the subgroup analysis. ESIs are an effective treatment for the pain caused by spinal stenosis; betamethasone, even at a low dose, appears to provide the greatest benefits, whereas dexamethasone seems the least effective. Patients with mild or moderate stenosis are more likely to experience positive results from ESIs, and the administration route can be chosen depending on the patient's status, offering similar effects. The transforaminal route is likely more beneficial in single-level stenosis, while interlaminar (at the level of maximal stenosis or one caudad) and caudal injections are more appropriate for multilevel pathologies.

PMID 42550520
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