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pneumococcal vaccine (Prevenar 7 / Prevenar / PnC + MPL)

✓ Approved

Pfizer, Inc. · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 pneumococcal vaccine？

pneumococcal vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Pfizer, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名Prevenar 7, Prevenar, PnC + MPL
公司Pfizer, Inc.
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Pfizer, Inc.

治疗适应症

pneumococcal vaccine 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsOtitis media✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsPneumococcal infection✓ Approved
Ear and labyrinth disordersMiddle ear inflammation✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026-08-04

Severe invasive pneumococcal disease beyond current vaccination recommendations: implications for higher-valency vaccines.

Ramponi Niccolò N, Barda Beatrice B, Barilaro Giuseppe G, Gallacchi Bouvier Martine M et al.

To describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and serotype distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults in Southern Switzerland, and to evaluate the theoretical coverage of higher-valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, with particular focus on patients without current vaccination indications. This retrospective study included all adults with microbiologically confirmed IPD admitted to four hospitals in Southern Switzerland between January 2019 and December 2024. Clinical data, serotypes, and vaccination status were collected. Theoretical vaccine coverage was calculated for PCV13, PCV15, PCV20, and PCV21. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Among 210 patients (mean age 69.3 years), 79 (37.6%) were admitted to the ICU and 18 (8.6%) died. Charlson Comorbidity Index was the only independent predictor of both ICU admission (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.57) and mortality (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.54-3.64). Serotype 8 was the most frequent isolate (21.0%), followed by serotypes 3 (13.3%) and 4 (9.5%). Only 9.9% of patients had received prior pneumococcal vaccination. Fifty-six patients (26.7%) were aged < 65 years without comorbidities and had no vaccination indication; 44.6% of these were admitted to the ICU. Serotype 8 accounted for 30.4% of infections in this subgroup. PCV13 and PCV15 would have covered 28.6% and 33.9% of cases in non-eligible adults, whereas PCV20 and PCV21 would have covered 67.9% and 73.2%, respectively. More than one-quarter of adult IPD occurred in individuals without current vaccination indications, with high rates of severe disease. Higher-valency conjugate vaccines could substantially expand serotype coverage in this population, supporting reconsideration of age-based vaccination strategies.

PMID 42550395
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-08-04

Pneumococcal transmission is driven by TNFR2+ regulatory T-cells.

Beentjes Daan D, Murray James J, French Neil N, Vipond Caroline C et al.

Pneumococcal serotype 1 (sequence type 217) is a leading cause of invasive disease outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding the transmission dynamics of hypervirulent strains such as ST217 is key to developing therapies and vaccines that can reduce outbreak incidence. The transmission dynamics of ST217 were investigated using an adolescent mouse pneumococcal transmission model, representing the population mainly affected by disease outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa. We found that TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2)-positive regulatory T-cells (Tregs) paradoxically create the conditions that promote ST217 transmission. During ST217 colonisation, TNFR2+ Tregs accumulate in the nasopharynx and suppress IL-17A-producing γδT and Th17 cells, leading to reduced neutrophil-mediated pneumococcal clearance. This attenuated inflammatory response increases ST217 carriage density, consequently increasing nasal shedding to levels that increase transmission. Furthermore, we show that these TNFR2+ Treg responses are strain-dependent and driven by the pneumococcal toxin pneumolysin. The low-transmission serotype 23F exhibits low pneumolysin activity, resulting in impaired TNFR2+ Treg responses. This, in turn, enhances activation of the γδT17-neutrophil axis, which promotes pneumococcal clearance and disrupts 23F transmission. This study demonstrates an unexpected but key role of TNFR2+ Tregs in transmission of hypervirulent pneumococci.

PMID 42548579
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PubMedThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2026-08-04

Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine in males aged 16-26 years in Japan: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Hisamoto Koji K, Yamanaka Masaki M, Nomura Masayasu M, Kanno Nobufumi N et al.

Efficacy of the nine-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV; HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) vaccine was shown in females and inferred for males through immunobridging. We evaluated the efficacy of the 9vHPV vaccine in males aged 16-26 years. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety phase 3 trial was conducted at 22 clinical research, hospital, medical, or treatment sites in Japan, with masking of investigators, sponsor personnel, and participants. Healthy males aged 16-26 years with no history of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions and no previous HPV vaccination were randomly assigned (1:1) centrally, using permutated blocks (block sizes of four), to receive three intramuscular injections of the 9vHPV vaccine or placebo (saline) at day 1, month 2, and month 6. The primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were the combined incidences of 6-month anogenital persistent infection related to HPV6, 11, 16, and 18 and HPV31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. Anogenital swabs and external genital tissue samples were tested for the presence of HPV DNA. Tissue samples were adjudicated for histopathology diagnosis. The primary and secondary efficacy evaluations were tested for superiority with a margin of 0% in the per-protocol population. Another secondary endpoint was antibody responses to each vaccine-targeted HPV type at month 7; immunogenicity analyses were conducted in the per-protocol immunogenicity population. Safety was assessed in participants who received at least one dose of vaccine or placebo. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04635423) and is completed. Between Nov 30, 2020, and Dec 25, 2021, 1059 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive the 9vHPV vaccine (n=529) or placebo (n=530). Vaccine efficacy for the primary and secondary endpoints was 89·3% (95% CI 55·4-98·2; p=0·0002) and 63·5% (2·7-86·0; p=0·023), respectively, in the initial efficacy analysis based on a visit cutoff date of Dec 29, 2023, and 91·6% (67·7-98·6) and 72·9% (38·7-89·3) in the end-of-study efficacy analysis based on a visit cutoff date of July 16, 2024. Seroconversion rates were greater than 98% for each vaccine-targeted HPV type. Injection-site adverse events were reported in 370 (70%) of 529 9vHPV vaccine recipients and 162 (31%) of 530 placebo recipients, and vaccine-related systemic adverse events in 58 (11%) vaccine recipients and 52 (10%) placebo recipients; most cases were mild or moderate. No deaths, vaccine-related serious adverse events, or discontinuations due to adverse events were reported. The 9vHPV vaccine prevents anogenital persistent infection related to vaccine-targeted HPV types in males and has an acceptable safety profile. These findings support the use of the 9vHPV vaccine in males to prevent HPV-related anogenital diseases. Merck Sharp & Dohme. For the Japanese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Material section.

PMID 42546724
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PubMedClinics in geriatric medicine2026-08-04

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in Older Adults.

Al-Jabri Maha M, Rosero Christian C, Saade Elie A EA

Older adults are at an increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases partly because of physiologic changes in the immune and other body systems related to age and/or accumulating comorbidities that increase the vulnerability to infections and decrease the response to vaccines. Strategies to improve the response to vaccines include using a higher antigenic dose (such as in the high-dose inactivated influenza vaccines) as well as adding adjuvants (such as MF59 in the adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine).

PMID 42547175
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PubMedInfection and immunity2026-08-04

A multivalent subunit vaccine augments pre-existing immunity to protect against T3SS-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa but reveals immunological interference against ExlA-positive strains.

Howlader Debaki R DR, Das Sayan S, Biswas Satabdi S, Dietz Zackary K ZK et al.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is a ubiquitous, opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that poses a significant threat due to its innate and acquired multidrug resistance. Novel vaccine strategies are urgently needed for vulnerable populations, many of which harbor pre-existing immunity from prior encounters with Pa. Here, we evaluated a multivalent subunit vaccine combining type III secretion system (T3SS) antigens and exolysin A (ExlA) in a nanoemulsion formulation using a clinically relevant murine pulmonary pre-exposure model. This approach allowed us to determine whether vaccination could overcome the limitations of the host's initial, ineffective immune response. Vaccination fundamentally transforms suboptimal baseline memory into a potent, multi-faceted Th1/Th17-polarized response. This globally transformed signature was characterized by significantly enhanced antigen-specific IFN-γ and IL-17A production, both locally and systematically in the lung, with exceptionally large biological effect sizes (Cohen's d values reaching 21.35). By utilizing log10 transformation to accurately reflect pathogen growth kinetics, we demonstrated that this vaccine-augmented immunity conferred statistically significant protection following heterologous challenge. In the twice-exposed cohort, vaccination promoted superior bacterial clearance of the T3SS-positive strain, though clearance of the ExlA-positive strain was not enhanced, potentially due to immunological interference from pre-existing T3SS memory. In the thrice-exposed cohort, a functional protective threshold was observed, where high levels of natural immunity matched the vaccine-induced clearance levels. Our findings established that our vaccine formulation can effectively boost and redirect pre-existing immunity, offering a promising approach to overcome the limitations of natural exposure and protect at-risk individuals from diverse Pa infections.

PMID 42550059
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PubMedMicrobial pathogenesis2026-08-04

Development and evaluation of a virus like particle based vaccine candidate against Indian Isolate of porcine circovirus 2d in pig.

Deb Rajib R, Maity Hemanta Kumar HK, Samanta Kartik K, Madhanmohan M M et al.

Porcine circovirus type 2d (PCV2d) is the predominant genotype etiological agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), causes substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide, including in India. Since currently available vaccines are mainly based on the PCV2a genotype, which is unable to offer cross protective immunity against emerging PCV2d strains, development of PCV2d specific vaccine is necessary. In this study, an indigenous virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine candidate was developed using the capsid coding gene (orf2) of an Indian PCV2d isolate expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system. Recombinant capsid protein expression and self-assembly into VLPs were confirmed by Western blotting and transmission electron microscopy. The purified VLPs showed favourable thermostability as well as pH stability and elicited strong humoral and cellular immune responses in in vivo porcine model. A delayed booster immunization strategy resulted in prolonged antibody persistence. In further, in vivo challenge study with virulent homologous PCV2d virus vaccinated animals were protected against PCV2 clinical signs. Further, absence of detectable viral DNA in swab and tissue samples, and markedly alleviated histopathological lesions compared with unvaccinated controls animals. Overall, these findings suggest that the indigenous PCV2d VLP vaccine candidate is highly immunogenic and provides protective immunity against homologous PCV2d challenge, highlighting its potential indigenous vaccine candidate for controlling PCVAD against PCV2d.

PMID 42546908
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