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influenza vaccine (Agriflu / eTIV_a / Begripal)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 influenza vaccine？

influenza vaccine 是一种疫苗，由Novartis AG研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection。

药物档案

商品名Agriflu, eTIV_a, Begripal
公司Novartis AG
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in epidemiology2026-08-05

Estimation of populations at risk for severe influenza and vaccination coverage in Mexico, 2010-2021.

Galindo-Fraga Arturo A, Luna-Casas Gerardo G, Gasca-Pineda Ricardo R, Sánchez-González Gilberto G

Influenza remains an important cause of morbidity among populations with underlying medical conditions associated with increased risk of severe disease. This study aimed to estimate the size of populations eligible for influenza vaccination according to the Mexican Universal Vaccination Program and to evaluate vaccination coverage gaps among populations at risk in Mexico between 2010 and 2021. A retrospective analytical study was conducted using epidemiological and administrative healthcare databases from Mexican public healthcare institutions. Population estimates were constructed using prevalence-based epidemiological projections, healthcare system records, and attended patient data from populations at risk. Descriptive analyses and time-series modeling were performed to evaluate vaccination coverage patterns and healthcare demand over time. Across all analyzed populations at risk, the number of individuals receiving healthcare services was consistently lower than the number of notified cases and substantially lower than prevalence-based epidemiological estimates. Vaccination coverage varied considerably across populations at risk and remained incomplete throughout the study period. In 2021, although approximately 12.5 million influenza vaccine doses were administered among populations at risk, a substantial proportion of potentially eligible individuals remained unvaccinated. Forecasting analyses suggested a progressive increase in healthcare demand among populations at risk over time. Important gaps persist between the estimated population at risk, diagnosed individuals, healthcare utilization, and influenza vaccination coverage in Mexico. The analytical framework proposed in this study integrates epidemiological prevalence estimates, healthcare utilization patterns, and vaccination data to identify unmet vaccination needs and may support improved public health planning, prioritization strategies, and strengthening of influenza vaccination programs in Mexico and similar settings.

PMID 42553356
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PubMedMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2026-08-05

Impact of an Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Course on Enhancing Pharmacists' Knowledge.

Waszkiewicz Michał M, Świtalski Jakub J, Dąbrowski Piotr P, Niedzielski Artur A et al.

BACKGROUND In Poland, pharmacists have recently been authorized to administer vaccinations to adult patients in pharmacies, including influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. To obtain certification, pharmacists must complete a specialized qualification course organized by the Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education in Warsaw (CPME). This study aimed to evaluate changes in pharmacists' knowledge following completion of a qualification course on administering influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations. MATERIAL AND METHODS This pre-post study was conducted online between February 2024 and July 2025. Participation was limited to pharmacists eligible to enroll in the CPME course. Knowledge was assessed using an original 20-item single-choice test (1 point per correct answer) covering influenza and pneumococcal epidemiology, eligibility criteria, and the legal and financial aspects of vaccination. Analyses examined both the overall score and changes in responses to individual questions. RESULTS The study included only participants who completed both the pre-test and post-test, constituting the matched analytic cohort (n=327). The course significantly improved knowledge relative to the pre-training assessment (t₍₃₂₆₎=28.02; P<0.001; d=1.55). The effect was substantial, with a mean increase of 4.7 points across the entire test (Mdiff=-4.67; 95% confidence interval, -4.99 to -4.34). Respondents improved their scores by approximately 23% of the maximum possible score. CONCLUSIONS Completion of the qualification course on influenza and pneumococcal vaccination significantly improved pharmacists' knowledge. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess knowledge retention and determine the impact of expanded pharmacy-based vaccination services on public health outcomes in Poland.

PMID 42552681
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PubMedResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026-08-05

Engineering Organoid Platforms for Pathogenesis Research.

Han Xiaolu X, Zhang Jun J, Bai Jiahui J, Tian Weiming W et al.

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases ranging from the 1918 H1N1 influenza pandemic to the recent SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus outbreaks continue to pose profound threats to global public health. These crises underscore the critical need for high-fidelity and human-relevant infection models. Organoid technology has emerged as a cornerstone platform for pathogen research by faithfully recapitulating the 3-dimensional architecture and physiological microenvironment of native human tissues in vitro. This review systematically examines the development and structural refinement of organoid-based infection models with an emphasis on evidence-based strategies for stem cell source selection, extracellular matrix optimization, and dynamic culture system engineering. Such advancements enable the robust generation of multi-organ models including respiratory, intestinal, and neural organoids tailored for investigating viral tropism, spatiotemporal infection kinetics, and host immune responses. Furthermore, we evaluate the translational utility of organoids in high-throughput antiviral drug screening and preclinical vaccine assessment. To further enhance physiological relevance and functional fidelity, organoid platforms are being increasingly combined with advanced engineering strategies, including coculture approaches, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genetic perturbation, engineered microphysiological systems (such as organ-on-a-chip), and 3D bioprinting. These integrated technologies improve biomimicry while expanding experimental controllability and scalability. In addition, we critically examine the major bottlenecks limiting clinical translation and discuss emerging frontiers driven by artificial intelligence and synthetic biology. Through iterative technological refinement and cross-disciplinary convergence, organoids have evolved beyond reductionist in vitro surrogates into physiologically informed and mechanism-driven platforms that advance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions while enhancing global preparedness against emerging pathogens.

PMID 42553490
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PubMedVeterinary medicine and science2026-08-05

Graded Levels of Dietary Valine in Protein-Restricted Diets: Effects on Reproductive Performance and Tissue Morphology in Laying Japanese Quail.

Jalal Morteza Pashaei MP, Alizadeh Moghadam Mosouleh Alireza A, Sharifi Seyed Davood SD, Najafi Abouzar A

Valine (Val) is an essential branched-chain amino acid that plays a critical role in protein synthesis and reproductive function in poultry. However, the optimal dietary Val requirement for laying Japanese quail fed reduced-protein diets remains insufficiently defined. This study evaluated the effects of graded dietary Val levels on reproductive performance, egg quality, hatchability, and hepatic and ovarian histomorphometry in laying Japanese quail under protein-restricted conditions. A total of 375 Japanese quail (300 females and 75 males; 47-98 days of age) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments containing 0.65%, 0.75%, 0.85%, 0.95%, or 1.05% Val, with five replicates per treatment. Productive performance was recorded weekly, egg quality traits were assessed periodically, and organs weights, ovarian follicular development, and hepatic histomorphology were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Dietary Val significantly affected egg production, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Quail fed 0.95% Val achieved the highest egg production and the most efficient feed conversion. Egg physical characteristics, including size and shape indices, were also improved at this supplementation level. Hatchability traits were not significantly influenced by dietary Val, although true hatchability was numerically greatest in the 0.95% Val group. Histological analyses demonstrated enhanced folliculogenesis and reduced hepatocyte and nuclear diameters in birds receiving 0.95% Val, indicating improved ovarian development without evidence of hepatic stress. Approximately 0.95% dietary Val optimizes reproductive performance, egg quality, and ovarian development in laying Japanese quail fed reduced-protein diets. Increasing Val beyond this level provides no additional productive advantages and may impose greater hepatic metabolic demand.

PMID 42554091
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PubMedVeterinary medicine and science2026-08-05

Effects of Lactobacillus Alone and in Combination With Saccharomyces as Alternatives to Antibiotics on Performance and Immunity in Laying Hens.

Alam Md Jahangir MJ, Ahmed Sonia Tabasum ST, Islam Md Saiful MS, Islam Mahfuzul M et al.

The removal of antibiotics from poultry feed has created substantial challenges in commercial layer farming, underscoring the need for safe and sustainable alternatives to safeguard flock health and ensure consumer egg safety. This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum alone and in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as alternatives to antibiotics on laying performance, egg quality, blood parameters, immune competence and caecal microbial populations in layer chickens. Experimental microorganisms were isolated from yoghurt and fermented corn dough, and two probiotic formulations were prepared: Probiotic 1 (L. plantarum) and Probiotic 2; L. plantarum + S. cerevisiae). A total of 240 Isa Brown pullets were randomly allocated to four treatments, each with five replicates of twelve birds. The treatments were T1 (control), T2 (flavomycin; 14 mg/L water), T3 (Probiotic 1; 1 mL/L water) and T4 (Probiotic 2; 1 mL/L water). Supplementation with either probiotics (T3 and T4) significantly increased hen-day egg production, egg weight and egg mass, while improving feed conversion ratio (FCR). The egg surface area and shell thickness were also significantly higher in the T3 and T4 groups. Among internal egg quality traits, albumen index, yolk weight and Haugh unit values were significantly improved by T3 and T4. Dietary T2 significantly reduced the white blood cell (WBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, whereas T3 and T4 increased WBC counts and reduced blood cholesterol level (BCL) in laying hens. All treated groups exhibited significantly greater Newcastle disease virus (NDV) titre compared to T1. The T2 group showed the lowest total bacterial count, whereas T3 and T4 groups had significantly reduced coliform and enhanced lactic acid bacteria populations in the caecum. Lactobacillus alone or combined with S. cerevisiae can effectively replace antibiotics in commercial layer production by improving laying performance, egg quality, immunity and gut microbiota.

PMID 42554067
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PubMedClinical kidney journal2026-08-05

Lipid parameters but not inflammatory indices predict hepatitis B vaccine responses in hemodialysis patients.

Ekici Hilal H, Mirza Arzu A, Baltacı Sevgi S, Eren Davut D et al.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is essential in hemodialysis (HD) populations, yet seroprotection remains suboptimal. Inflammation-related hematologic indices are frequently used in clinical practice, but their ability to predict HBV vaccine response in HD patients is uncertain. We evaluated clinical and laboratory determinants of HBV vaccine response, with a focus on lipid-derived indices and inflammatory ratios. In this multicenter retrospective study, adult HD patients followed between 2015 and 2025 who received at least three doses of HBV vaccine and had available anti-HBs measurements were included (n = 341). Vaccine response was defined as anti-HBs ≥10 IU/L; non-response as <10 IU/L. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), and lipid ratios (TG/HDL, TC/HDL, LDL/HDL) were calculated. Additional analyses using percentile-based categorization of NPAR confirmed the absence of a significant association with vaccine response. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. After the primary vaccination series, seroprotection was 77.4% and increased to 88.6% after revaccination/boosters; it declined to 78.3% at 1 year and 69.2% at 2 years. Non-responders were older and had higher triglyceride levels and lower HDL cholesterol levels. In contrast, inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, MLR, and NPAR) did not differ significantly between groups. These indices also demonstrated limited discriminative ability for predicting vaccine response. In multivariable analysis, HDL cholesterol remained positively associated with vaccine response [odds ratio (OR): 1.046, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.006-1.086, P = .022], and triglyceride levels were negatively associated with vaccine response (OR: 0.992, 95% CI: 0.984-0.999, P = .024). The TG/HDL ratio showed borderline statistical significance (OR: 1.235, 95% CI: 0.983-1.551, P = .070), suggesting a potential but limited contribution to vaccine response prediction. In HD patients, hematologic inflammatory indices were not informative for HBV vaccine response, whereas an atherogenic lipid profile-particularly lower HDL and higher triglycerides-showed a consistent association. Lipid parameters may support risk stratification and tailored post-vaccination monitoring strategies.

PMID 42553896
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