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Uralyt-K

✓ Approved

Rottapharm Madaus · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 Uralyt-K？

Uralyt-K 是一种小分子，由Rottapharm Madaus研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

公司Rottapharm Madaus
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Rottapharm Madaus

治疗适应症

Uralyt-K 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Renal and urinary disordersCalculus urinary✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedMagnetic resonance in medicine2026-08-05

Deep Learning Improves Robustness of Voxelwise Kinetic Modeling for Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI.

Deh Kofi K, Kang Yeona Y, Tu Tsang-Wei TW, Jones Rania R et al.

To evaluate whether deep learning improves the robustness of voxelwise kinetic parameter estimation from hyperpolarized (HP) 13C MRI compared with nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) fitting. A hybrid neural network (NN) was trained on synthetic pyruvate/lactate time courses generated from an open-system two-compartment HP 13C signal model to estimate the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate ( k PL ), vascular-extravascular exchange rate ( k VE ), and vascular volume fraction ( v B ). NN performance was compared with NLLS across flip-angle schemes, SNR levels, perturbations in acquisition parameters, and in vivo. Matched-ratio simulations tested whether model-estimated ( k PL ) retained information beyond the Lac/Pyr area-under-the-curve ratio, AUC Lac / Pyr = AUC Lac / AUC Pyr . In simulations, NLLS and NN performance were comparable for k PL estimation at high SNR, whereas the NN outperformed NLLS at low SNR and for the weakly identifiable parameters k VE and v B . In vivo, NN maps were more spatially coherent than NLLS maps: k PL corresponded with AUC Lac / Pyr , while k VE and v B corresponded with pyruvate AUC. In matched-ratio simulations, NLLS-derived k PL discriminated the metabolic classes better than NN-derived k PL , although both model-based estimates retained discriminatory information. NLLS is effective for k PL estimation under ideal model-matched conditions, whereas the NN provides more stable voxelwise maps, especially for weakly identifiable parameters and under low-SNR or in vivo conditions. Prospective biological or repeatability validation is needed to establish quantitative accuracy.

PMID 42552584
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PubMedFrontiers in endocrinology2026-08-05

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound thyroid imaging reporting and data system outperforms K-TIRADS in diagnostic accuracy and reduces unnecessary fine-needle aspirations for thyroid nodules.

Chen Guanchun G, Ruan Jingliang J, Liu Rongbin R, Tu Youmei Y et al.

Thyroid nodules are frequently detected on ultrasonography, yet only a small proportion are malignant. The Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) is widely used for risk stratification; however, its reliance solely on grayscale ultrasonographic features may result in suboptimal diagnostic performance and unnecessary fine-needle aspirations (FNAs). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) provides real-time visualization of tumor microvascular perfusion patterns, which may complement conventional ultrasound findings. This study aimed to evaluate a contrast-enhanced ultrasound-based Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (CEUS TI-RADS) compared with K-TIRADS for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules and to assess its ability to reduce unnecessary FNAs. A total of 175 thyroid nodules in patients who underwent FNA and/or surgical resection between January 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. Each nodule was classified according to both K-TIRADS and CEUS TI-RADS criteria, with pathological results serving as the reference standard. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the two systems. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and unnecessary biopsy rate (UBR) were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of malignancy. Among 175 nodules, 84 were malignant and 91 were benign. CEUS TI-RADS demonstrated significantly higher diagnostic performance than K-TIRADS, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.893 versus 0.804 (P < 0.05). CEUS TI-RADS achieved a substantially lower UBR at 18.6% compared with K-TIRADS 2016 at 44.8% and with K-TIRADS2021 at 44.8% (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression identified hypoechoic echogenicity (P = 0.036), irregular or lobulated margins (P = 0.003), punctate echogenic foci (P < 0.01), and hypoenhancement (P = 0.007) as independent predictors of malignancy. CEUS TI-RADS offers superior diagnostic accuracy for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules compared with K-TIRADS and effectively reduces the rate of unnecessary fine-needle aspirations. These findings support the clinical utility of incorporating CEUS-based features into thyroid nodule risk stratification.

PMID 42553142
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PubMedInternational journal of language & communication disorders2026-08-05

Early Screening for Developmental Language Disorder: Predictive Validity of German Parent Reports.

Pinstock Eveline E, Schramm Satyam Antonio SA

Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition associated with long-term cognitive, academic, and psychosocial consequences. Early identification is critical for timely intervention, yet predictive frameworks within German-speaking contexts remain limited. Parent-report questionnaires such as the FRAKIS-K and SBE-2-KT are widely used in the German paediatric U7 check-up for two-year-olds, but their predictive validity for DLD has not been systematically evaluated. This study assessed the predictive validity of the FRAKIS-K and SBE-2-KT administered at age two for identifying risk for DLD at age four. A secondary objective was to test whether adjusting the screening cut-off values could enhance predictive accuracy. A community sample of 500 families in Hanover, Germany, was contacted through the city register; 186 children (mean age = 2;0) participated at the first assessment. At age four (N = 145), expressive vocabulary and grammar were measured using the Potsdam-Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (P-ITPA). Children scoring ≤ -1.5 SD on P-ITPA subtests were classified as having language impairment consistent with risk for DLD. Predictive validity indices-sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, relative improvement over chance (RIOC), and area under the curve (AUC)-were calculated for both parent-report tools. ROC analysis was applied to explore optimal cut-off adjustments. Prevalence of language impairment at age four was 5.5%. The SBE-2-KT showed moderate predictive power (AUC = 0.85; RIOC = 0.51), with sensitivity of 57% and specificity of 89%. The FRAKIS-K vocabulary alone performed similarly (AUC = 0.83; RIOC = 0.58), achieving sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 91%, while including grammar criteria reduced predictive validity. ROC analysis indicated improved sensitivity (up to 71%) with minimal specificity loss when adjusting cut-offs. Both FRAKIS-K vocabulary and SBE-2-KT demonstrate adequate predictive validity for identifying risk of DLD at age two within the German U7 screening context. They function effectively as first-tier tools to rule out children not at risk, though positive screens should be followed by comprehensive assessments. The study's longitudinal design and evaluation of clinically relevant screening instruments using multiple predictive validity indices strengthen the findings. While refining vocabulary-based cut-offs may improve early detection, the small number of children with language impairment in the sample limits the generalizability of optimization suggestions, highlighting the need for further research in larger clinical populations. What is already known on this subject Parent-report questionnaires are commonly used for early language screening, but their predictive validity for DLD is often limited. In German-speaking contexts, evidence on the predictive accuracy of brief tools such as FRAKIS-K and SBE-2-KT is scarce. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This longitudinal study shows that both FRAKIS-K (vocabulary component) and SBE-2-KT at age two moderately predict outcomes of language impairment at age four. Adjusting the screening cut-offs increased sensitivity while maintaining acceptable specificity, indicating that predictive validity may be improved through threshold refinement. However, as the sample included few children with risk for DLD, recommendations for optimizing these tools should be interpreted with caution. What are the potential or actual clinical implications for this work? FRAKIS-K vocabulary and SBE-2-KT can be used as first-tier screening instruments during the U7 paediatric check-up in Germany. Using adjusted cut-offs may enhance early identification of children at risk for DLD, supporting earlier referral and intervention, though further validation in larger samples is required.

PMID 42552602
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PubMedHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2026-08-05

Magnesium and blood pressure regulation: systemic and renal mechanisms.

Kuriyama Satoru S

Experimental and clinical evidence have demonstrated that Mg deficiency contributes to elevated blood pressure (BP), whereas Mg supplementation exerts modest but consistent antihypertensive effects. The systemic effects of Mg supplementation and/or deficiency on BP have been investigated in relation to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), endothelial function, the sympathetic nervous system, and inflammation associated with oxidative stress. Some of these mechanisms are supported by compelling evidence, whereas others remain controversial. In the kidney, following glomerular filtration, ~95% of filtered Mg is reabsorbed along the renal tubules. In the proximal tubule (PT), Mg reabsorption occurs mainly via a paracellular transport pathway driven by a negative transepithelial electrical gradient. In contrast, in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL), Mg reabsorption is regulated by electrochemical gradients generated through the coordinated activity of transporters such as the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) and Na-K-ATPase. In the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), transient receptor potential melastatin 6 and 7 (TRPM6/7) channels tightly regulate the transcellular Mg reabsorption pathway. Hypertension is associated with increased urinary Mg excretion, resulting in relative Mg deficiency. Accumulating evidence suggests that Mg deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive and/or implementation hypertension, presumably through mechanisms involving Mg, Na and K transporters, mainly in the TAL and DCT.In this review, we discuss both systemic and renal mechanisms linking Mg to BP regulation. A better understanding of the interactions among Mg, Na, and K transport may provide novel insights into the role of Mg in hypertension. Mg exerts both BP raising and lowering effects depending on the body Mg status. Mg deficiency is associated with increase in BP through the multifaceted systemic and renal mechanisms. Experimental studies have shown that Mg deficiency-induced hypertension can be salt-sensitive and may be associated with implementation hypertension. The pressure-natriuresis curve shifts rightward and downward as salt sensitivity develops, requiring a higher BP to achieve the same level of sodium excretion.

PMID 42552400
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PubMedNursing & health sciences2026-08-05

Validity and Reliability of the Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale, Korean Version: A Methodological and Cross-Sectional Study.

Lee Minjae M, Yi Nayeon N, Lee Seunghyeon S, Paek Yeonok Y

This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for Medical Students into Korean and to examine its validity and reliability among nursing students. The scale designed in this methodological and cross-sectional study was translated and adapted using standard procedures and validated with 317 nursing students in South Korea. Experts reviewed the content validity. Structural validity was examined through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Construct validity was evaluated through hypothesis testing using an external criterion measure. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and the split-half method. The final Korean version of the Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale (K-MAIRS) comprised 15 items across four factors-cognition, ability, vision, and ethics-explaining 66.88% of the variance. The K-MAIRS can be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing artificial intelligence readiness among Korean nursing students. This instrument supports global initiatives to incorporate artificial intelligence competencies into nursing education using culturally tailored assessment tools. It also supports educators and institutions in designing targeted strategies for artificial intelligence education within nursing curricula that enhance nurses' preparedness in artificial intelligence-driven healthcare environments.

PMID 42552456
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PubMedMicrobiology spectrum2026-08-05

TagR, a newly identified member of the MarR family of transcriptional regulators, represses the NRPS operon in Klebsiella oxytoca.

Perez Cristopher C, López-Luis Mario A MA, Jiménez-Sánchez Carlos J CJ, Hernández-Pompa Fermín I FI et al.

Toxigenic Klebsiella oxytoca strains produce the pyrrolobenzodiazepine enterotoxins tilimycin (TM) and tilivalline (TV), which contribute to the development of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. The biosynthesis of these toxins depends on the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) operon located within the til pathogenicity island. Although several global and signal-responsive regulators of NRPS operon expression have been identified, the regulatory network governing enterotoxin biosynthesis remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we identified a previously unrecognized transcriptional regulator encoded within the til pathogenicity island of K. oxytoca. This protein, designated TagR (Tilivalline-associated genes repressor), is a member of the MarR family and acts as a negative regulator of NRPS operon expression. Structural prediction, molecular dynamics simulations, and biochemical analyses demonstrated that TagR exhibits the characteristic architecture of MarR family regulators and forms a stable homodimer. Deletion of tagR led to significant upregulation of the NRPS-associated genes npsA, thdA, and npsB, while complementation restored transcriptional repression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that TagR binds directly and specifically to the regulatory region upstream of the NRPS operon, supporting a mechanism of direct transcriptional repression. Consistent with these findings, loss of TagR significantly increased the cytotoxicity of K. oxytoca culture supernatants toward HeLa cells. Collectively, these results identify TagR as a direct repressor of the NRPS operon and expand the regulatory framework governing enterotoxin biosynthesis in toxigenic K. oxytoca. This study provides new insight into the transcriptional control of virulence-associated genes and establishes TagR as a previously unrecognized component of the regulatory network controlling TM and TV production.IMPORTANCEElucidating the mechanisms by which toxigenic Klebsiella oxytoca regulates enterotoxin production is critical for understanding the pathogenesis of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. TagR is identified as a previously unrecognized MarR family regulator that directly represses the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) operon responsible for tilimycin (TM) and tilivalline (TV) biosynthesis. This discovery uncovers a novel regulatory mechanism governing toxin production and offers new perspectives on virulence regulation in this emerging intestinal pathogen.

PMID 42554525
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