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exenatide (exenatide LAR / AC 2993 LAR / Bydureon Pen)

✓ Approved

3SBio · GLP1R · 小分子

什么是 exenatide？

exenatide 是一种小分子，由3SBio研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intradermal Injection、Subcutaneous Injection。

药物档案

商品名exenatide LAR, AC 2993 LAR, Bydureon Pen
公司3SBio
药物类别小分子, 多肽类
分子靶点GLP1R
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intradermal Injection, Subcutaneous Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, 3SBio

作用机制

分子靶点

exenatide 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

GLP1Rglucagon like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R, GLP-1-R)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

exenatide 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Metabolism and nutrition disordersType 2 diabetes mellitus✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedRenal failure2026-08-04

Real-world effectiveness of central dialysis fluid delivery system (CDDS) in maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective multicenter study.

Luo Yashuang Y, Cheng Wendi W, Li Ruimin R, Fu Yuyan Y et al.

This study aimed to compare the real-world effectiveness of a central dialysis fluid delivery system (CDDS) with single-patient dialysis delivery systems (SPDDS) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), focusing on inflammation markers, nutritional status, and dialysis adequacy. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 368 MHD patients from three hemodialysis centers in Shanghai, China, between January 2020 and June 2023 was analyzed (CDDS, n = 253; SPDDS, n = 115). Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate longitudinal associations between dialysate delivery systems and clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine effect modification by age, diabetes status, baseline inflammation, and dialysis modality. Compared with SPDDS, CDDS was associated with higher levels of total protein (β = 0.91 g/L), albumin (β = 1.71 g/L), and hemoglobin (β = 3.50 g/L) after multivariable adjustment (all p < 0.05), while no statistically significant differences were observed in creatinine or urea reduction after adjustment. Subgroup analysis indicated that CDDS was particularly effective in improving albumin levels among patients aged < 70 years, those with diabetes, or those with elevated CRP levels. In patients aged ≥ 70, CDDS was associated with better anemia control and enhanced dialysis adequacy. Nutritional benefits were consistently observed in patients receiving a regimen of twice-weekly high-flux hemodialysis combined with once-weekly hemodiafiltration. In conclusion, CDDS use was associated with improved nutritional and hematologic indicators in this real-world cohort, while differences in inflammatory markers and dialysis adequacy were not statistically significant after multivariable adjustment.

PMID 42549834
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PubMedJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2026-08-04

The Association Between Pay-as-you-go LPG Consumption and Respiratory Health Symptoms in an Informal Urban Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.

Nabukwangwa Willah W, Mwitari James J, Nix Emily E, O'Keefe Mark M et al.

In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 85% of individuals use biomass fuels (e.g., charcoal, wood) for cooking. While replacing biomass fuels with cleaner cooking fuels (e.g., liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) can benefit respiratory health, the difference in respiratory symptom prevalence between exclusive and partial LPG use is uncertain. Smart meter data from 621 households using pay-as-you-go (PAYG) LPG in an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, was linked to survey data (September-October 2022) detailing weekly biomass cooking fuel use. Multivariable Poisson regression with robust error variance examined the association between the proportion of weekly cooking with PAYG LPG (100% PAYG LPG, PAYG LPG used for 50-99% or 0-49% of weekly cooking) and self-reported presence of at least one respiratory symptom (cough, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, flu-like symptoms) during the previous 6 months. The model was adjusted for sociodemographic and cooking environment characteristics. In the final model, a dose-response increase in odds of at least one respiratory symptom existed among those using PAYG LPG for 50-99% of weekly cooking (1.19; 95% CI, 0.94-1.52) and 0-49% of cooking time (1.30; 95% CI, 1.11-1.51) compared with exclusive PAYG LPG users. Participants not concerned about the health effects of smoke exposure from cooking had significantly higher odds (1.44; 95% CI, 1.25-1.65) of respiratory symptoms than those who reported being concerned. Transitioning from partial to exclusive LPG use may improve primary cooks' respiratory health in urban settings. Educating individuals about the risks of biomass smoke exposure may modify behaviors to subsequently reduce respiratory symptom risk; this pathway requires further investigation.

PMID 42547735
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PubMedEndocrinology2026-08-04

Physical activity and human IAPP islet amyloidosis: mechanistic plausibility, missing evidence, and future directions.

Servitja Joan-Marc JM, Novials Anna A, Montane Joel J

Islet amyloid deposition derived from human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP, amylin) is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is tightly linked to progressive β-cell dysfunction and loss. It is now well established that the "toxic oligomer" hypothesis, in which soluble or intracellular hIAPP assemblies contribute to β-cell proteotoxicity and to the amplification of inflammatory stress, coexists with fibril associated and inflammation-driven mechanisms of toxicity. Regular physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone of T2D management and improves insulin sensitivity, glycemic control, ectopic lipid handling, and systemic inflammation, all of which could reduce β-cell secretory burden and the cellular milieu that favors hIAPP misfolding. However, direct demonstrations that PA delays or reduces islet amyloid formation remain scarce. This gap largely reflects methodological constrains in quantifying amyloid dynamics in humans and the absence of exercise studies with amyloid-specific endpoints. Herein, we synthesize mechanistic links by which exercise could influence hIAPP aggregation propensity (β-cell workload, glucolipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory signaling) and highlight proteostasis pathways, particularly autophagy/lysosomal clearance, that are experimentally shown to defend β-cells against hIAPP oligomer toxicity. Overall, while direct evidence remains sparse, substantial mechanistic plausibility supports a link between PA and hIAPP amyloid biology. Future studies incorporating amyloid-specific outcomes are needed to determine whether exercise directly modifies amyloid formation, reduces oligomer burden, or primarily enhances β-cell resilience to proteotoxic stress.

PMID 42550094
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PubMedJAMA network open2026-08-04

Digital Monitoring and Chronic Pain Trajectories in Patients Receiving Tertiary Pain Care.

Kerckhove Nicolas N, Soubeiga Armel A, Phalip Jules J, Bertin Célian C et al.

Chronic pain management relies on baseline prognostic models, although digital monitoring may better capture long-term patient trajectories. To describe 6-month chronic pain trajectories using weekly assessments and to evaluate the value of routinely collected baseline sociodemographic and clinical variables in estimating trajectories. This multicenter mobile health cohort study was conducted in French tertiary pain clinics between September 2019 and 2025. Adults with chronic noncancer pain initiating follow-up in a pain clinic and completing at least 6 months of follow-up were eligible. Participation in the eDOL digital health program with weekly assessments alongside routine care. The primary outcomes were weekly bodily comfort, sleep, and mood measured on 11-point numeric rating scale and aggregated into monthly medians. Trajectory stability, time spent in predefined clinical states, latent trajectory classes, and performance of baseline variables in estimating outcomes were assessed using linear mixed-effects models, time-in-state analyses, gaussian mixture models , and machine learning. Informative attrition was addressed using inverse probability of censoring weighting and joint longitudinal-survival modeling. Among 1477 participants (76.8% [95% CI, 74.6%-78.9%] aged 35-64 years; 82.1% [95% CI, 77.9%-86.3%] women; median pain duration >5 years), most were receiving multimodal treatment for multimorbid chronic pain. Average trajectories remained stable, with no clinically meaningful change in patient-reported outcomes. Three trajectory classes were identified: stable (1266 participants; 85.7% [95% CI, 83.9%-87.5%]), improving (61 participants; 4.1% [95% CI, 3.2%-5.2%]), and worsening (150 participants; 10.2% [95% CI, 8.6%-11.7%]). Baseline characteristics had limited value in estimating pain trajectories. In tertiary pain clinics patients, trajectories of bodily comfort, sleep, and mood were predominantly stable over 6 months. Baseline characteristics poorly estimated long-term trajectories, supporting continuous digital monitoring and individualized change detection rather than baseline-only prognostic stratification.

PMID 42550506
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PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-08-04

Learnings from a hybrid communities of practice group therapy model to support psilocybin-assisted therapy for patients with a terminal diagnosis.

Tsang Vivian Wl VW, Kryskow Pamela P, Watler Crosbie C, Allard Pearl P et al.

Psilocybin-assisted therapy is continuing to show significant positive effects for palliative cancer patients, both in reducing symptoms and improving one's sense of hope and meaning. Most research has focused on individual therapy models, limiting access and overlooking potential community-based benefits. This qualitative study describes the results of patients experiencing distress related to a terminal health condition who enrolled in six to eight once-weekly group resilience-based community of practice (CoP) sessions combined with one psilocybin-assisted therapy (PaT) session. This virtual hybrid group therapy model is research informed, with a curriculum that provides knowledge-based content, combined with the relational elements necessary to successfully deliver group-administered psilocybin-assisted therapy. Patients were interviewed using semi-structured question list and transcripts were coded and themes captured in an iterative manner. The CoP sequence included preparation meetings before the in-person medicine session and integration meetings afterward, allowing the group relationship and safety practices to be established before dosing. Thirty-one PaT sessions were provided for 25 participants within four iterative cohorts over the span of 1 year (November 2021-November 2022). Completion rates were high (84%), with participants reporting enhanced trust in self, improved outlook on life, and strengthened connection to community. Peer support, relational safety, and regulation practices were central to outcomes. This study demonstrates the feasibility, safety, and psychosocial benefits of group-administered PaT supported by virtual CoPs, providing a scalable, cost-effective model for public health interventions in end-of-life care. Its novelty lies in combining group therapy, hybrid delivery, and resilience-based curriculum to expand access and enhance community support for a vulnerable population. Participants' mixed feedback also suggests that hybrid group PaT may offer distinctive benefits of peer witnessing and community continuity while requiring careful attention to individual preference, room logistics, and sensory control during group dosing.

PMID 42548601
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PubMedClinical case reports2026-08-04

Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma Successfully Treated With Surgery and Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Case Report.

Endo Fumitaka F, Iwaya Takeshi T, Yanagawa Naoki N, Koizumi Junichi J et al.

We report a case of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma successfully treated with surgical resection followed by weekly paclitaxel. The tumor harbored a tumor protein p53 mutation, amplifications of epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha, and KIT, and focal positivity for mouse double minute 2.

PMID 42548931
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