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chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol (Balianca / Belara / CG5025)

✓ Approved

Faes · AR · 小分子

什么是 chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol？

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol 是一种小分子，由Faes研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Balianca, Belara, CG5025
公司Faes
药物类别小分子
分子靶点AR, ESR1
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Faes

作用机制

分子靶点

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

ARandrogen receptor (TFM, NR3C4)
ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ESR, ESTRR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Reproductive system and breast disordersPolycystic ovaries✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersPolycystic ovarian syndrome✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedAnimal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho2026-08-03

The Potential Role of Two Red Macroalgae (Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata) That Promote Anti-Methanogenic Activities in Laboratory Conditions.

Min Byeng R BR, Genovese Giuseppa G, Spagnuolo Damiano D, Hilaire Mariline M et al.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of two red macroalgae species (RMS; Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata) on rumen fermentation profiles, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, microbiome changes, and anti-methanogenic activities. The two RMSs were included at dietary levels of 0%, 2%, and 4% (as-fed basis) in an in vitro experiment with triplicate incubations (n = 3). Gases were collected using an ANKOM Gas Production system and analyzed for methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) via gas chromatography. The RMS supplementation increased total gas, lactate, butyrate, valerate, hexanoate, heptanoate, 4-ethylphenol production, and AGR (non-glucogenic [acetate + butyrate]/glucogenic [propionate]) ratio (p < 0.01), while reducing production of CH4 (mg/g DM), acetate, propionate, iso-butyrate, phenylpropionate, phenylacetate, and acetate/propionate (A/P) ratios (p < 0.01), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD; % DM) (p < 0.01) as RMS supplementation increased. With both algal species present, there were decreases in Actinobacteria, Firmicutes (p < 0.001), Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B), and Methanobrevibacter sp. (p < 0.01), but increases in Spirochetes, Proteobacteria (methanotrophs; p < 0.001), Candidatus methanomethylophilus alvus (CMC), and non-methanogenic archaea Thermoplasma sp. (p < 0.001) at 2% and 4% DM. Therefore, it may be possible to suppress methanogenesis both directly and indirectly by adding RMS.

PMID 42543745
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PubMedZhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica2026-08-03

[UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based guided isolation of phloroglucinols from Achyrocline satureioides and anti-lung cancer activity].

Lu Ao-Wen AW, Peng Fu-Hua FH, Liu Zhi-Qun ZQ, Hu Jian-Guo JG et al.

The chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from Achyrocline satureioides were rapidly analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) combined with the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking(GNPS) molecular network. The mass spectrometric characteristics of the phloroglucinol compounds were clarified. Guided by these features, systematic isolation was performed using ODS-C_(18), Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The structures were elucidated using modern spectroscopic techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HR-MS). A total of 38 compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate fraction by mass spectrometry, including 23 flavonoids. Additionally, 18 compounds were isolated from this fraction. Among them, compound 1 was a new unsaturated fatty acid, and compounds 2, 3, and 7-10 were phloroglucinols. Compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8 were obtained from this plant for the first time. The in vitro anti-proliferative activities of compounds 2, 3, and 7-10 against the non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1975 were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. Compound 8 exhibited significant anti-lung cancer activity. This integrated approach using LC-MS/MS combined with GNPS enables efficient analysis of the chemical components in the ethyl acetate fraction of A. satureioides and facilitates the guided isolation of phloroglucinol compounds, thereby enriching the understanding of its material basis.

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PubMedNatural product research2026-08-03

The antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory compounds isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.

Yusuf Abdulla A, Yang Bo B, Zhou Xiaozhi X, Kou Rongwei R et al.

As a 'medicine food homology' herbal medicine, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. has been consumed widely in the pharmaceutical and food industries. In this paper, seventeen known compounds (1-17) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of G. uralensis roots. Their structures were elucidated as isoliquiritin (1), liquiritigenin (2), liquiritin (3), ononin (4), quercetin (5), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), isoliquiritigenin (7), kaempferol (8), rutin (9), naringenin (10), isolicoflavonol (11), licoflavonol (12), β-sitosterol (13), p-hydroxyphenethylanisate (14), 6,8-diprenylgenistein (15), luteolin (16) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (17). Among them, compounds 11 and 12 were verified with significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 1.9 and 2.6 μM for the first time, respectively. Compounds 5, 8, 12 and 16 exhibited distinctive antioxidant efficacies. Additionally, the structure-activity relationship analysis has been discussed. Herein, this paper highlights that the ethyl acetate fraction of G. uralensis is a potentially natural source for exploring antioxidant and antidiabetic constituents.

PMID 42544570
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PubMedEuropean journal of applied physiology2026-08-03

Different mucosal immunity and hormonal responses to routine physical training in the follicular and the luteal phases of elite female athletes.

Wang Chung-Kai CK, He Cheng-Shiun CS, Chiang Ming-Ru MR, Li Pei-Ying PY et al.

Fluctuations in sex hormones across the menstrual cycle may influence immune regulation in female athletes; however, evidence regarding phase-specific mucosal immune responses to routine physical training remains limited. This study compared acute changes in salivary immune and hormonal markers induced by routine team-based physical training between the follicular and luteal phases in elite female athletes. Twenty-five athletes completed comparable routine physical training sessions during both menstrual phases. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected before and after each routine physical training session during the mid-follicular (day 10.3 ± 2.7) and mid-luteal (day 23.6 ± 3.7) phases to determine the concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), lactoferrin (LF), α-amylase (sAA), nitric oxide (NO), estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and cortisol. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment. Progesterone and LF concentrations were significantly higher during the luteal phase, whereas the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio at rest was greater during the follicular phase. Following training, SIgA, LF, and cortisol concentrations decreased, while sAA increased, with no significant change observed in NO. These responses were comparable between menstrual phases. Routine physical training acutely altered salivary immune and stress-related markers in elite female athletes irrespective of menstrual phase. Higher LF concentrations during the luteal phase suggest a possible phase-related difference in innate mucosal immune status. The physiological significance of the higher follicular-phase resting T/C ratio requires further investigation.

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Integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) for the estrogenic response of 14 commonly used chemicals in consumer products.

Lee Hyun Jun HJ, Ortiz Darlene Mae DM, Park Kwangsik K

Human exposure to functional ingredients in consumer products is chronic and often involves complex mixtures; however, integrated assessments of their endocrine-related effects remain limited. This study utilized an adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-informed Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) framework to evaluate the estrogenic activity of fourteen representative ingredients. A tiered strategy combining in silico receptor-binding predictions, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) transactivation assays (OECD TG 455), steroidogenesis assays in H295R cells (OECD TG 456), and mixture modeling was implemented. In silico analyses indicated moderate ERα binding affinity, with limited agreement across platforms. Notably, thirteen of fourteen chemicals met OECD positivity criteria in the ERα transactivation assay based on positive control (PC)10 values. Benzisothiazolinone, 2-butyl-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one, propyl paraben, and benzyl benzoate were selected for steroidogenesis assessment due to strong ERα responses. Among these, benzisothiazolinone and propyl paraben increased estradiol production by 5.7- and 5.2-fold, respectively, and significantly upregulated STAR, CYP11A1, and CYP17A1, suggesting stimulation of endogenous hormone synthesis. Whereas the others primarily affected receptor activity without altering steroidogenesis. Binary mixtures representing commonly co-occurring ingredients exhibited predominantly additive effects, as indicated by model deviation ratios. Integration of molecular initiating events, key events, and functional endpoints enabled mechanistic prioritization within the IATA framework. These findings demonstrate that combining standardized in vitro assays with computational approaches provides deeper mechanistic insight than single-endpoint strategies and supports cumulative risk assessment of consumer product ingredients.

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Terrestrial exposure to microplastics in an endangered salamander (Lyciasalamandra antalyana).

Öztürk Duygu D, Akman Bahadır B, Kariş Mert M, Yildiz Mehmet Zülfü MZ et al.

Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly reported from a wide range of environments, yet information on terrestrial amphibians remains scarce. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and characteristics of MPs in the gastrointestinal tracts of the endemic and endangered terrestrial salamander Lyciasalamandra antalyana from Türkiye. A total of 67 specimens were analyzed, and MPs were detected in 34 individuals (50.7%), with 46 particles identified in total. The overall median MP abundance was 1 particle per specimen (range: 0-8). No significant differences in MP abundance were detected among females, males, and juveniles, and no significant relationships were found between MP abundance and body size variables. Five polymer types were identified, with polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 67.4%) being the most abundant, followed by ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA, 13.0%) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN, 10.9%). Most particles were fibers (93.5%), whereas fragments were rare. The predominance of PET and fibers may indicate potential terrestrial sources, likely related to synthetic materials and diffuse anthropogenic inputs. Navy blue particles predominated, and a significant association was observed between particle shape and color. The mean particle size was 219.04 ± 21.95 μm, with particles distributed across all size classes. These findings provide baseline evidence of microplastic occurrence in a habitat-restricted terrestrial amphibian and contribute to a better understanding of microplastic contamination in terrestrial ecosystems.

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