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tuberculosis vaccine

✓ Approved

SK Chemicals · 细胞治疗 · 细胞治疗

什么是 tuberculosis vaccine？

tuberculosis vaccine 是一种细胞治疗，由SK Chemicals研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intradermal Injection。

药物档案

公司SK Chemicals
药物类别细胞治疗, 疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intradermal Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, SK Chemicals

相关研究文献

PubMedNature immunology2026-06-13

mRNA-based tuberculosis vaccines BNT164a1 and BNT164b1 are immunogenic, well tolerated and efficacious in rodent models.

Agrawal Neha N, Ates Louis S LS, Schille Stefan A SA, Chaturvedi Anuhar A et al.

We designed and preclinically tested two mRNA-lipid-nanoparticle-based vaccine candidates to protect against tuberculosis. BNT164a1 and BNT164b1 encode the same eight Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens expressed across different infection stages: Ag85A, Hrp1, ESAT-6, RpfD, RpfA, HbhA, M72 and VapB47. BNT164a1 utilizes nucleoside-unmodified mRNA, whereas BNT164b1 utilizes N1-methylpseudouridine-modified mRNA. Prime-boost immunization with BNT164 candidates elicited antibody and/or T cell responses against all antigens in three mouse strains (C57BL/6, BALB/c and HLA-A2.1/DR1 humanized mice). The candidates demonstrated favorable safety profiles in a rat toxicity study and significantly reduced bacterial burdens of two M. tuberculosis strains in murine aerosol challenge models. BNT164 protection was correlated with granuloma infiltration by CD8+ T cells with memory precursor phenotypes. In conclusion, BNT164a1 and BNT164b1 were immunogenic, well tolerated and efficacious in preclinical models and have entered phase 1/2 clinical trials ( NCT05537038 , NCT05547464 ).

PMID 42286358
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PubMedVaccine2026-06-13

HPV vaccine: Influencing peer recommendations through information provision at no-cost vaccine clinics.

Ky Samantha L SL, Coblentz Evan G EG, Swanson Emma E, Shah Rhea R et al.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection among people ages 15-24 years in the U.S. However, many individuals remain unvaccinated against HPV. Recommendations from friends and family have been shown to improve vaccine uptake and should be encouraged. This study aimed to determine if the provision of vaccine-related information would change the likelihood of recommending the HPV vaccine to their peers. Furthermore, we examined characteristics associated with a positive change. Participants were recruited at two no-cost vaccine clinics on a university campus in September and October 2024. Through a one-time, voluntary, online survey, participants were asked how likely they were to recommend the HPV vaccine to a family or friend on a scale from 1 (very unlikely) to 5 (very likely). This question was repeated after they were provided with a list of diseases that are prevented by the HPV vaccine. We conducted dependent samples t-tests to determine if there was a change in recommendation scores before and after information provision. We also conducted bivariate (chi-square and independent t-tests) and multivariable (logistic regression) analyses to examine factors associated with a positive change versus no/negative change. The final sample (n = 556) were majority White (n = 310, 55.8%), female (n = 331, 59.5%), and college students (n = 480, 86.5%). The average post-information provision (Mean = 4.21; SD = 0.95) recommendation score was significantly higher than the pre-information provision (Mean = 3.87; SD = 1.031) recommendation score (t = -11.37; p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, there was a statistically significant positive change in recommendation score with younger age (aOR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.95-1.00) and lower vaccine confidence (aOR = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.36-0.68). This indicates that targeted interventions to improve awareness of diseases prevented by the HPV vaccine could be particularly effective in populations that are younger or have lower vaccine confidence.

PMID 42284811
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PubMedMicrobial pathogenesis2026-06-13

Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived alginate modulates innate immune transcriptional responses and promotes intracellular growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria.

González-Muñiz Oscar E OE, Salcedo-Hernández Agua M AM, Huerta-Elías Jaime E JE, Tovar-Nieto Andrea M AM et al.

Pulmonary dysbiosis has been increasingly associated with tuberculosis susceptibility, relapse, and treatment failure; however, the mechanistic contribution of specific airway pathogens remains poorly understood. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly its mucoid phenotype characterized by alginate overproduction, is frequently detected in chronic lung diseases and tuberculosis-associated microbiomes. Here, we investigated whether mucoid P. aeruginosa and alginate modulate innate immune responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection. Using human type II pneumocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages, we showed that heat-killed mucoid P. aeruginosa significantly enhances intracellular growth of M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus, compared with the non-mucoid phenotype. Exogenous alginate reproduced these effects in a dose- and time-dependent manner without directly promoting mycobacterial growth. Alginate was associated with reduced mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides (LL-37, hBD-2, hBD-3) and key pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in Mtb-infected macrophages, while inducing a delayed inflammatory transcriptional response in pneumocytes that was insufficient to control intracellular mycobacterial growth. These findings identify alginate as an immunomodulatory factor capable of modulating innate immune transcriptional responses and promoting mycobacterial persistence, providing mechanistic insight into how mucoid P. aeruginosa may contribute to tuberculosis progression in dysbiotic lungs.

PMID 42285424
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PubMedInternational immunopharmacology2026-06-13

Neoantigen-based multi-epitope vaccine designing against glioblastoma using reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatic approaches.

Din Miraj Ud MU, Ahmad Sajjad S, Liu Xiaohui X, Jiang Hui H et al.

One of the primary factors in the development of cancer is the accumulation of genetic mutations. Some of these genetic mutations result in the emergence of unique antigens called neoantigens. These neoantigens are perceived as non-self by T cells, making them prime targets for cancer vaccines. These neoantigen-based vaccines can elicit a promising immune response against the malignant cells. In the current research work, a computational approach was employed to design a multi-epitope vaccine for glioblastoma. A set of 126 neoantigens was retrieved from the CEDAR cancer epitopes database which yielded 446 epitopes. The epitopes were screened and 10 potential epitopes were selected to design a multi-epitope vaccine. GPGPG linkers were used for combining these epitopes, while adjuvants were connected to the vaccine via EAAAK and RVRR linkers to build the final construct of the vaccine. The physicochemical properties of the vaccine indicated that the designed vaccine is highly antigenic (0.7841 antigenicity score), non-allergenic, non-toxic, and also water soluble. Molecular docking assessed the interaction of the vaccine with MHC-I, MHC-II, and TLR-4, demonstrating strong binding affinities (-886.5 kcal/Mol, -1050.2 kcal/Mol, and - 1018.3 kcal/Mol, respectively). The docking results were further supported by the normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics simulation showing average RMSD values of 4.21 Å, 6.80 Å, and 5.68 Å for the three complexes, respectively. The in silico cloning of the vaccine into the bacterial plasmid (pET28a+) was carried out to enhance its expression achieving a GC content of 57.43 and a codon adaptation index of 1. The in silico immune simulation revealed that peak antigen levels (∼7.5 × 105 counts/mL at approximately day 50) elicited strong humoral and cellular immune responses, characterized by elevated IgM + IgG titers (∼2.8 × 105) and increased cytokine production, including IFN-γ (∼4.5 × 105), IL-2 (∼6.0 × 105), and TNF-α (∼1.2 × 105 ng/mL), indicating robust immune activation. These findings indicated that our designed vaccine could be a potential therapeutic candidate against glioblastoma. Further experimental research is required to validate the potential, efficacy, and safety of the designed vaccine.

PMID 42284765
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PubMedVaccine2026-06-13

Maternal and infant immunizations for respiratory diseases, United States, may 2025.

Razzaghi Hilda H, Garacci Emma E, Kahn Katherine E KE, Meghani Mehreen M et al.

To assess end-of-season coverage with influenza, tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), and COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant women, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunization among pregnant women and their infants, during the 2024-25 respiratory illness season. Data from an Internet panel survey conducted during March 26-May 8, 2025, were analyzed. The study included 2738 currently and recently pregnant women; analysis of each immunization product was restricted to a subsample of participants eligible for the specific product (influenza: 1788; Tdap: 885; COVID-19: 2125; maternal RSV: 721; nirsevimab: 1416). Coverage was assessed for individual vaccines, along with demographic characteristics, provider recommendation for immunization, and attitudes, including perceptions on safety and effectiveness of vaccines. Differences in vaccination coverage between groups were assessed using t-tests. Among eligible participants, 51.0% reported receiving influenza vaccine before or during pregnancy, 52.6% reported receiving Tdap vaccine during pregnancy, 32.3% reported receiving the 2024-25 COVID-19 vaccine before or during pregnancy, and 49.3% reported receiving an RSV vaccine during pregnancy. Among 1416 women with eligible infants, 62.2% reported their infant received nirsevimab; overall, 70.4% of infants were protected by maternal RSV vaccine, nirsevimab, or both. Vaccination coverage was higher among women with a provider recommendation compared to those without for influenza (65.6% vs. 12.2%), Tdap (69.5% vs. 2.9%), and COVID-19 (56.4% vs. 4.4%) vaccines. Prevalence of provider recommendation for Tdap vaccination was lower among non-Hispanic Black (66.4%) and Hispanic women (60.1%) compared with non-Hispanic White women (83.2%). Women reporting being very/somewhat hesitant about a given vaccine were less likely than non-hesitant women to have received that vaccine. Provider recommendation and vaccine hesitancy were associated with maternal vaccine uptake. Because providers have been found to be trusted information sources for patients, efforts supporting informative vaccine conversations between providers and pregnant women could help increase the proportion of pregnant women and infants protected against severe respiratory illnesses.

PMID 42284808
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PubMedVaccine2026-06-13

Vaccine uptake in the context of mandate announcement and removal: Evidence from Europe and North America.

Gebremariam Aregawi G AG, Genie Mesfin M, Le Huong H, Regan Annette A et al.

The COVID-19 pandemic drove the implementation of vaccine mandates to protect spaces and/or increase vaccine uptake, though their design, timing, and scope varied across jurisdictions. This study examines the associations of vaccine mandate announcements and removals with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in France, Italy, and California (USA). We employed interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using aggregated data from Our World in Data and the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. The primary outcomes were the weekly number of first and booster doses per 100,000 people. We estimated changes in the rate and trend of vaccine uptake following policy announcements and removals, adjusting for COVID-19 cases, deaths, and temporal autocorrelation to account for other influencing factors. Initial mandate announcements were associated with immediate increases in vaccine uptake: 113% (95% CI: 63 to 178%) in Italy, 195% (95% CI: 113 to 308%) in France, and 32% (95% CI: 16 to 51%) in California. However, these associations attenuated in more fully adjusted models, especially in France, where the initial association was no longer statistically significant after controlling for epidemiological conditions and temporal autocorrelation. Mandate removals were more consistently associated with declines in booster uptake in Italy and France, including declines of 62% (95% CI: -74 to -45%) and 70% (95% CI: -79 to -57%), respectively, while partial removal in California coincided with increased booster uptake. Vaccine mandate announcements were associated with short-term increases in vaccine uptake during key periods of the pandemic. Their removal was often associated with a slowing in uptake, highlighting the need for coordinated communication strategies to sustain coverage. Future policy responses should consider timing, mandate design, and transition planning in contexts where such policies are used.

PMID 42284807
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