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tramadol (Qdolo)

✓ Approved

Athena Bioscience, LLC · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 tramadol？

tramadol 是一种小分子，由Athena Bioscience, LLC研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名Qdolo
公司Athena Bioscience, LLC
药物类别小分子
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Athena Bioscience, LLC

治疗适应症

tramadol 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Gastrointestinal disordersAbdominal pain✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2026-06-13

Posterior quadratus lumborum block or lumbar erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia management after lumbar spinal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Cetinkal Ahmet A, Topgül Tamara Buruk TB, Fidan Uğur U, Özbek Muhammet Arif MA et al.

Postoperative pain after lumbar microdiscectomy (MD) can be significant. While both the lumbar erector spinae plane block (L-ESPB) and the posterior quadratus lumborum block (P-QLB) are used for analgesia, they have not been directly compared. We hypothesized that L-ESPB and P-QLB would provide different levels of analgesia after MD. This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial included 60 adult patients (ASA I-II) undergoing unilateral single-level lumbar MD. Patients were randomized to receive a bilateral, postoperative L-ESPB (n = 30) or P-QLB (n = 30) with 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine per side. The primary outcome was the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain score at 2 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included NRS pain scores over 24 h, rescue analgesia requirements, and adverse events. Patients in the L-ESPB group had statistically lower static and dynamic NRS pain scores at all measured time points (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) compared to the P-QLB group (p = 0.001). The number of patients requiring rescue analgesia was lower in the L-ESPB group (1 vs. 9 patients, p = 0.012), and the total tramadol consumption was also lower (p = 0.005). The incidence of nausea and itching was significantly lower in the L-ESPB group. One patient in the L-ESPB group experienced a temporary motor block. In patients undergoing lumbar MD, L-ESPB provided superior analgesia and resulted in lower opioid consumption and fewer opioid-related side effects compared to P-QLB over the first 24 postoperative hours.

PMID 42286352
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PubMedCase reports in surgery2026-06-12

Spontaneous Expulsion of Rectally Inserted Tramadol Ampoules: An Unusual Case Report of Drug Concealment and Delayed Disclosure.

Sapkota Ashish A, Regmi Priyanka P, Yadav Ajay Kumar AK, Giri Rajani R

Concealment of illicit drug ampoules is an unusual clinical scenario, posing diagnostic and management challenges due to delayed disclosure, drug leakage risk, and retrieval difficulties. We present the case of a 28-year-old male, an intravenous drug user, brought from police custody with complaints of per rectal pain. After initial denial, he admitted to rectal insertion of six tramadol ampoules. Clinical examination and imaging confirmed the presence of foreign bodies in the rectum. While surgical removal was planned, spontaneous expulsion occurred without complications, as verified by postoperative imaging. This case underscores the importance of early suspicion, detailed history-taking, and prompt imaging in suspected rectal foreign bodies. In stable patients, conservative management with laxatives may allow safe natural expulsion, reducing the need for invasive intervention, as in this case; however, this should be seen as a positive outcome rather than a recommended management approach, especially in cases involving fragile drug-containing ampoules.

PMID 42281564
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-06-12

Ultrasound-Guided Transversalis Fascia Plane Block Versus Intrathecal Morphine for Post-Cesarean Analgesia: A Prospective Observational Comparative Cohort Study Incorporating a Non-Inferiority Analytical Framework.

Tamdogan Ilke I, Yilmaz Ibrahim I

Background: Intrathecal morphine (ITM) is a widely used reference approach for post-caesarean analgesia but is associated with neuraxial opioid-related side effects, particularly pruritus and nausea. The transversalis fascia plane (TFP) block is a relatively recent regional technique targeting the transversalis fascia; however, comparative effectiveness data in the obstetric setting remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate whether TFP block provides analgesic outcomes broadly similar to those observed with ITM with respect to 24 h rescue analgesic requirement following elective caesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia, and to compare patient-centered recovery quality. Methods: This prospective, single-center, observational comparative cohort study was conducted in a tertiary obstetric unit. Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II parturients undergoing elective caesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were included. Postoperative analgesic strategy was determined according to routine clinical practice, with patients receiving either ITM (100 µg) or bilateral ultrasound-guided TFP block with 0.25% bupivacaine. The primary outcome was cumulative tramadol consumption within the first 24 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores at rest and on movement at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h; postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pruritus scores; and Obstetric Quality of Recovery-11 (ObsQoR-11) scores at 24 and 48 h. A non-inferiority analytical framework was applied to the primary outcome. Results: Both groups had a median tramadol consumption of 0 mg (interquartile range (IQR) 0-0). Rescue analgesic rates were 23.3% (ITM) versus 16.7% (TFP; OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.18-2.36; p = 0.748). Within an exploratory observational non-inferiority analytical framework, the findings were consistent with non-inferiority of TFP block; however, these analyses should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory (risk difference -6.7 percentage points; upper 95% CI +13.5% relative to a prespecified margin of +15%). TFP block was associated with higher ObsQoR-11 scores at 24 h (median 96 vs. 88; p = 0.010; Cliff's δ = -0.39) and 48 h (median 96 vs. 91; p = 0.017; Cliff's δ = -0.36). Pruritus at 6 and 12 h was nominally lower in the TFP group. Conclusions: In this prospective observational cohort, TFP block was associated with analgesic outcomes broadly similar to those observed with ITM, with exploratory differences in patient-centered recovery measures. Within the applied exploratory observational analytical framework, these findings were broadly consistent with non-inferiority; however, given the observational design, results should be interpreted cautiously, and the present study does not establish formal non-inferiority or equivalence. TFP block may represent a potential opioid-sparing option warranting confirmation in adequately powered randomized studies.

PMID 42279019
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PubMedJournal of clinical medicine2026-06-12

Evaluation of the Effects of Pecto-Intercostal Fascial Plane Blocks on Extubation Time in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Onur Anıl A, Onur Tuğba T, Karaca Ümran Ü, Ata Filiz F et al.

Background: Prolonged extubation and pain following cardiac surgery remain significant clinical challenges. The pecto-intercostal fascial plane block (PIFB) is an emerging regional anesthesia technique incorporated into multimodal analgesia protocols to reduce opioid consumption and facilitate early extubation. This study retrospectively evaluated extubation times, perioperative opioid consumption, and postoperative analgesic requirements in patients who underwent isolated open-heart surgery via median sternotomy, comparing those who received PIFB with those who did not. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included ninety-nine patients who underwent isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery via median sternotomy between 1 June 2023 and 25 March 2024. The study included 46 patients who received PIFB (Group 1) and 53 patients who received no block (Group 2). Ultrasound-guided bilateral PIFB was performed after anesthesia induction, with a total of 40 mL administered to each side (30 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 10 mL normal saline). Demographic data, perioperative data, extubation times, analgesic consumption, and complications were compared between groups. Results: Demographic data, EuroSCORE, body mass index, and ejection fraction were similar between groups. Perioperative opioid (fentanyl) consumption was statistically significantly higher in Group 2 (median 450 [IQR: 350-600] μg vs. 400 [IQR: 350-450] μg; p = 0.037). Extubation time was statistically significantly shorter in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (median 340 [IQR: 265-490] min vs. 495 [IQR: 420-555] min; p < 0.001). The number of patients requiring postoperative paracetamol and tramadol was statistically significantly lower in Group 1 (p = 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding chest drain removal, length of hospital stay, or ICU length of stay (p > 0.05). Mortality occurred in 1 patient in Group 1 and 2 patients in Group 2. Conclusions: PIFB application in isolated open-heart surgery performed via median sternotomy was associated with shorter extubation time and reduced perioperative fentanyl and postoperative analgesic consumption, without a statistically significant effect on hospital length of stay. Complication and mortality data are reported descriptively; the study does not have sufficient statistical power to draw inferences regarding safety outcomes.

PMID 42278979
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PubMedBasic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology2026-06-11

Effects of Celecoxib and Etoricoxib on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacological Effects of Orally Administered Tramadol: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Saarikoski Tuukka T, Saari Teijo I TI, Backman Janne T JT, Niemi Mikko M et al.

Tramadol is a widely used analgesic whose bioactivation to O-desmethyltramadol is primarily mediated by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Genetic variability and drug-drug interactions affecting CYP2D6 may influence tramadol pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are frequently co-administered with tramadol in multimodal analgesia, but their potential to affect tramadol disposition and effects remains incompletely characterised. Celecoxib has been reported to act as a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6 in vivo. This randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluated the effects of 8-day pretreatment with celecoxib or etoricoxib (200 and 120 mg once daily, respectively), compared with placebo, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects of a single 100 mg oral dose of tramadol in 12 healthy volunteers. Plasma concentrations of tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol were measured, and pharmacological effects were assessed using visual analogue scales, psychomotor testing (digit symbol substitution test) and cold pressor pain models. Celecoxib pretreatment did not change tramadol exposure but reduced the formation of O-desmethyltramadol, decreasing the geometric mean AUC ratio (GMR) of O-desmethyltramadol to tramadol (AUCm/AUCp) by 24% relative to placebo (90% CI, 0.69-0.84; p < 0.001). Etoricoxib had minimal effects on tramadol exposure or metabolism (GMR 0.92; 90% CI, 0.84-1.02; p = 0.13). In conclusion, celecoxib modestly inhibited the bioactivation of tramadol, but not etoricoxib. Differences in pharmacological effects were negligible.

PMID 42272128
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PubMedFrontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland)2026-06-11

Clinical study of the preventive effect of pulsed radiofrequency and continuous epidural block on postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized controlled trial.

Xu Ping P, Fei Yong Y, Zhang Enming E

In this study, patients with acute herpes zoster neuralgia were respectively treated with continuous epidural block and pulsed radio frequency therapy to compare the similarities and differences of the two treatment methods in preventing the incidence of PHN, as well as the efficacy of acute herpes zoster neuralgia and observe the surgical complications. Ninety patients with herpes zoster neuralgia whose course of disease was less than 1 month were randomly divided into two groups according to the type of surgery: Continuous Epidural Block (CEB group) and Pulsed Radio Frequency (PRF group). The incidence of PHN in January, March and June was recorded. VAS scores, PSQI scores and the dosage of gabapentine capsules and Tramadol hydrochloride sustained-release tablets were recorded before surgery and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. Peripheral blood Gal-3 and IL-6 levels before surgery, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery; Surgical complications; The duration of hospital stay and so on were used to evaluate the clinical effect of the operation. The incidence of PHN in CEB group at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery was lower than that in PRF group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pain intensity and PSQI were decreased in all patients after treatment. Compared with PRF group, VAS score and PSQI in CEB group decreased at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of Gal-3 and IL-6 in peripheral blood of all patients were decreased after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with PRF group, peripheral blood Gal-3 and IL-6 levels in CEB group decreased at 1 and 4 weeks after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The doses of gabapentin capsules and Tramadol hydrochloride sustained-release tablets in CEB group were lower than those in PRF group at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was one patient with puncture site infection in the CEB group, and the hospital stay in the CEB group was longer than that in the PRF group. Both methods can significantly relieve the pain of patients with acute herpes zoster neuralgia and reduce the incidence of PHN, but there is a risk of puncture site infection., and long hospital stay. PRF treatment has short hospital stay, less injury and strong repeatability.

PMID 42272770
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