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cocaine hydrochloride (Numbrino)

✓ Approved

Lannett · SCN5A · 小分子

什么是 cocaine hydrochloride？

cocaine hydrochloride 是一种小分子，由Lannett研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Topical。

药物档案

商品名Numbrino
公司Lannett
药物类别小分子
分子靶点SCN5A
给药途径Topical
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Lannett

作用机制

分子靶点

cocaine hydrochloride 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

SCN5Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (CMD1E, SSS1)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

cocaine hydrochloride 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Nervous system disordersAnaesthesia✓ Approved
Nervous system disordersSensory loss✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFujita medical journal2026-08-04

Evaluation of renal function in a patient with terminal rectal cancer who developed morphine hydrochloride-induced respiratory depression.

Uekuzu Yoshihiro Y, Usui Masanobu M, Futamura Akihiko A, Inagaki Takahiko T

A challenge in patients with terminal cancer is that serum creatinine-based estimates of renal function often deviate from true renal function because cachexia-related loss of muscle mass leads to abnormally low serum creatinine levels. Serum cystatin C is a useful marker of renal function in patients with decreased muscle mass; however, there are limited data on its use in patients with terminal cancer. In this study, we present a detailed assessment of renal function, incorporating muscle mass measurement by bioelectrical impedance analysis, in a patient with terminal rectal cancer who developed respiratory depression while receiving a stable dose of morphine hydrochloride injections.

PMID 42549366
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PubMedFrontiers in psychiatry2026-08-04

Sustained abstinence in severe ketamine use disorder following ibogaine treatment case report.

Pérez Rosal Sergio R SR, Faber Sonya C SC, Backmund Markus M

Substance use disorders (SUD) involving ketamine, cocaine, and alcohol present significant clinical challenges, often characterized by high relapse rates and limited pharmacological options. This case report details a 30-year-old male with a five-year history of severe polysubstance dependence, including daily intranasal ketamine use (2-3 g/day), cocaine, and alcohol, comorbid with recurrent depressive disorder. Despite conventional psychiatric treatment, the patient experienced severe cravings and sought ibogaine-assisted treatment. The patient underwent a structured 13-day residential program in Mexico, receiving an 800 mg ibogaine HCl flood dose (10.1 mg/kg), followed by two supplementary booster doses of 300 mg (3.8 mg/kg) under continuous medical and ECG monitoring. Following treatment, the patient reported an immediate cessation of cravings for all substances. Over approximately 17 months of follow-up including a medically supervised fractionated ibogaine intervention approximately 11 months after the initial treatment, serial toxicology and psychometric assessments were consistent with continued abstinence from ketamine, cocaine, alcohol and other previously misused substances, and significant improvements in depression (PHQ-9: 0-3), anxiety, and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF: 55 to 71). This report represents the first longitudinally documented case of sustained abstinence in severe ketamine use disorder following ibogaine treatment, supported by serial toxicology and standardized psychometric outcomes. It adds objective, time-resolved evidence to a literature that has largely focused on ibogaine for opioid use disorder, and it highlights ketamine use disorder as a specific target for future controlled trials. The therapeutic outcome is hypothesized to arise from ibogaine's unique polypharmacology. This includes acute NMDA antagonism, which may disrupt compulsive circuits, as well as noribogaine's (the principal long-acting metabolite of ibogaine, with an elimination half-life of approximately 28-49 hours) kappa opioid receptor agonism and serotonin transporter inhibition, which stabilize reward pathways. Additionally, enhanced neuroplasticity via GDNF/BDNF expression may facilitate long-term behavioral changes. This case provides rare, rigorously documented evidence for ibogaine's potential in treating chronic ketamine dependence and highlights the urgent need for controlled clinical trials within regulated frameworks to further investigate its safety and efficacy.

PMID 42548882
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PubMedMikrochimica acta2026-08-04

Direct coupling of commercial coated blades with low-temperature plasma ionization mass spectrometry by micro-solvent aided soft thermal desorption.

Pedraza-Soto Ana M AM, Lucena Rafael R, Cárdenas Soledad S

Coated blades have been widely used with ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) using electrospray as ionization source. This article explores the coupling of commercial blades, containing hydrophilic-lipophilic balance particles (HLB), with soft ionization by chemical reaction in transfer mass spectrometry using a dedicated thermal desorber as interface. Commercial HLB-blades use polyacrylonitrile to embed the sorptive particles in the coating, but this binder is not fully compatible with the high temperatures required to efficiently desorb semivolatile compounds, such as those selected in this work (cocaine, codeine, methadone, and methamphetamine). To overcome this limitation, a micro-solvent-aided soft thermal desorption is proposed. For this purpose, 4 µL of octanol is deposited on the blade before placing it in the desorber, thereby assisting the chemical elution of the analytes and enabling thermal desorption at mild conditions (about 100 °C) in 1.5 min. As proof-of-concept, this strategy has been used to determine the drugs mentioned above in saliva, with detection limits as low as 0.6 µg L- 1. The method has been evaluated according to selected ICH M10 criteria to demonstrate its potential fully. As many samples can be extracted simultaneously, this approach provides a high throughput that surpasses the provided by classical liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The new approach will permit to extend the application of coated blades to other analytes (e.g. hydrocarbons) that are poorly ionized by ESI.

PMID 42550269
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PubMedTropical animal health and production2026-08-04

Ractopamine under dietary protein adjustment improves growth performance and carcass traits of immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs slaughtered 21 days after vaccination.

Araujo Diego Duran DD, Ferreira Matheus de Almeida MA, Rodrigues Lucas Alves LA, Lopes Idael Matheus Góes IMG et al.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of immunocastration and ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) supplementation on growth performance and carcass traits of male pigs slaughtered 21 days after the second immunization. Sixty-four pigs (Landrace × Large White, initial body weight 103.05 ± 0.67 kg) were individually tagged and randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, consisting of two castration methods (immunocastrated vs. surgically castrated) and two dietary RAC levels (0 or 10 ppm). No castration method × RAC interactions were observed for any variable (P > 0.05). Immunocastrated (IM) pigs exhibited 19.5% greater average daily gain (ADG) and 13% lower feed-to-gain ratio (FG) compared with surgically castrated (SC) pigs (P < 0.05). IM pigs also showed reduced backfat thickness across all measurement sites and greater lean meat percentage, whereas SC pigs had higher carcass yield (P < 0.05). Ractopamine supplementation under increased amino acid supply increased ADG by 13.6%, improved hot carcass weight by 3.1%, and reduced FG by 13% (P < 0.05). Overall, immunocastration improved growth performance and carcass leanness, while RAC supplementation increased average daily gain by 13.6%, confirming its additive effect under a shortened 21-day post-immunization interval. Immunization against GnRH combined with RAC feeding represents an effective strategy for producing heavy-weight finishing pigs with improved efficiency.

PMID 42550353
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PubMedAmerican journal of otolaryngology2026-08-04

Diagnostic accuracy of a thyrothymic ligament-based nomenclature for ultrasound classification of inferior parathyroid gland location.

Yao Xiang-Yun XY, Liu Shi-Rong SR, Ge Xi-Feng XF, Song Shi-Bing SB et al.

Preoperative knowledge of inferior parathyroid gland (IPTG) location and vascular supply is critical for in situ preservation, yet evidence on imaging accuracy for IPTG localization remains limited. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an ultrasound classification system for IPTG location guided by the thyrothymic ligament (TTL). This prospective, single-center study enrolled consecutive patients scheduled for thyroidectomy from January 2025 to September 2025. The reference standard was surgical exploration confirmed by negative mitoxantrone hydrochloride staining or frozen section pathology. Concordance between ultrasound localization and surgical findings was assessed, and factors influencing accuracy were analyzed. Among the 158 patients (123 lobectomies and 35 total thyroidectomies, 193 IPTG sides), the TTL was clearly identified intraoperatively in 47.7% (92/193). Ultrasound sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for TTL identification were 94.6% (87/92), 84.2% (85/101) and 89.1% (172/193), respectively. IPTG locations were classified as: dorsal mid-to-lower thyroid (35.2%), within 1 cm of the inferior thyroid pole (13.5%), within the TTL region (43.0%), and ectopic (8.3%). Overall concordance between ultrasound classification and surgical exploration was 81.3% (157/193, 95%CI: 74.6%-86.6%). IPTG within the TTL region (OR = 7.64, 95%CI: 1.22-47.93, P = 0.03) and ectopic IPTG (OR = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.27, P < 0.01) were independent predictors of ultrasound accuracy. Ultrasound-based TTL identification provides a reproducible and reliable method for classifying IPTG location, which may aid in developing individualized surgical strategies for parathyroid preservation during thyroidectomy.

PMID 42546564
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PubMedZhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi2026-08-04

[Performance of PHMB-surface mesoporous silica composite material and its effect on infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in rats].

Zhu Y M YM, Jin J J, Wang W W WW

Objective: To investigate the performance of polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB)-surface mesoporous silica composite material (hereinafter referred to as the composite material) and its effect on infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in rats. Methods: This study was an experimental study including group design, factorial design, and repeated measures design. The composite material with a 1:1 mass ratio of PHMB to surface mesoporous silica and good biocompatibility was prepared by rotary evaporation method. The in vitro release of PHMB from the composite material was detected by continuous quantitative measurement. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PHMB and the composite material against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 35150 were detected by broth microdilution method. The continuous bactericidal duration of PHMB and the composite material against the above-mentioned two types of bacteria was detected by continuous bacterial addition assay. The resistance of the above-mentioned two types of bacteria to PHMB and the composite material was detected by sub-lethal concentration induction assay. The sample size for the above experiments was 3. Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10-12 weeks were divided into routine dressing change group, PHMB group, and composite material group by random number table method, with 15 rats in each group. After preparing infected full-thickness skin defect wounds on the back of all rats, the wounds of rats in routine dressing change group, PHMB group, and composite material group were rinsed and dressed with normal saline, PHMB solution and composite material dispersion with a final PHMB mass fraction of 0.100%, respectively. The wound healing rates were calculated, the wound infection status was observed, and the wound tissue bacterial load was detected by the plate counting method at post injury day (PID) 6, 12, and 18, respectively. Results: The composite material could continuously release PHMB for >144 h. For both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, the MICs of the composite material were lower than those of PHMB, but the MBCs of both materials against two bacteria were identical. The continuous bactericidal duration of PHMB against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was both 3 d, and the continuous bactericidal duration of the composite material against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was both 6 d. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exhibited resistance to composite materials significantly later than to PHMB. The wound healing rates of rats in composite material group at PID 6, 12, and 18 were significantly higher than those in routine dressing change group and PHMB group (P<0.05). At PID 6, 12, and 18, no infection occurred in the wounds of rats in composite material group, whereas all wounds of rats in routine dressing change group continuously showed infection, and some wounds of rats in PHMB group still continuously showed infection. The wound tissue bacterial loads of rats in composite material group at PID 6, 12, and 18 were (4.6±3.1), (3.4±3.4), and (1.6±1.5) colony-forming unit (CFU)/g, respectively, which were all significantly lower than those in routine dressing change group ((1 876.0±241.5), (1 076.0±151.1), and (1 184.0±156.6) CFU/g) and PHMB group ((824.0±277.6), (800.0±231.0), and (832.0±350.9) CFU/g, P<0.05). The wound tissue bacterial loads of rats in PHMB group at PID 6 and 12 were both significantly lower than those in routine dressing change group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The composite material can enhance and sustain the release of PHMB, thereby delaying the development of bacterial resistance, reducing the bacterial load in wound tissue, and facilitating the healing of infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in rats.

PMID 42547436
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