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NIK-127

✓ Approved

Kowa · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 NIK-127？

NIK-127 是一种小分子，由Kowa研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Unknown。

药物档案

公司Kowa
药物类别小分子
给药途径Unknown
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Kowa

治疗适应症

NIK-127 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Gastrointestinal disordersDiarrhoea✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedEvidence-based dentistry2026-06-13

"Spin" in randomized controlled trials of digital implant surgery: a meta-epidemiologic study.

Yang Ming M, Cheng Liandi L, Liu Tiqian T, Wang Tianqi T et al.

"Spin" refers to the manipulation of language to suggest benefits when none exist, commonly observed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study investigates the extent, strategies, and reporting quality of spin in digital dental implant RCT abstracts, and explores study characteristics associated with spin. RCTs related to digital dental implants were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Spin was identified using predefined strategies, and logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with its occurrence. Reporting quality was evaluated with the original 16-item CONSORT checklist for abstracts. We analyzed 19,795 articles, and a total of 127 abstracts were finally included in the reporting quality analyses, with spin identified in 51 abstracts (40.2%), where 24 abstracts (18.9%) exhibited spin in both "Results and conclusions" sections. A significantly lower presence of spin was observed in studies reporting exact p-values (OR: 0.317; 95% CI: 0.134-0.727; p = 0.007) and shorter abstract word limits for journal submission (moderate: OR = 0.185, p = 0.01; low: OR = 0.138, p = 0.02). The prevalence of spin in digital implant surgery RCTs is concerning. Given that busy clinicians often rely solely on abstracts for clinical interpretation, such distorted reporting may mislead practitioners into adopting expensive or complex digital technologies without robust evidence of superiority. It is essential for all stakeholders to prioritize transparent reporting to prevent biased clinical decision-making and safeguard the integrity of evidence-based dentistry.

PMID 42286167
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PubMedPlant physiology and biochemistry : PPB2026-06-13

Pseudomonas fragi Sneb1990 flagellin flg22pf stimulates solavetivone synthesis pathway to enhance tomato plants against Meloidogyne incognita.

Lu Xinyi X, Zhao Shuangling S, Yang Li L, Gan Yongdie Y et al.

Bacterial flagellin (flg), a key MAMP, activates plant immunity against various diseases. Solavetivone is a major sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin that forms one layer of defense against fungi pathogens in Solanaceae plants. However, the function of compound and biosynthetic pathway genes of solavetivone in Solanaceae plants against Meloidogyne incognita has not been explored. In this study, we discovered 49 differentially expressed genes through RNA-seq analysis of tomato plants treated with Pseudomonas fragi flagellin flg22pf and M. incognita, among them two of the solavetivone synthesis genes, premnaspirodiene oxygenase (K15472) and vetispiradiene synthase (K14182) were found with function against M. incognita. Further subcellular localization indicated that K15472 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cell membrane, whereas K14182 is localized to the nucleus, cell membrane, and ER. The contents of solavetivone in K14182 and K15472 over-expressing plants increased by 6.21 and 4.57 folds. Correspondingly, the number of nematodes in the roots of tomato plants with over-expression of these two genes was significantly lower than that in the roots of wild-type (WT) tomato plants. Subsequently, the Pluronic F-127 model demonstrated that solavetivone exhibited a concentration-dependent dual effect: a low concentration (0.01 mg/L) attracted M. incognita, and a high concentration (≥0.1 mg/L) repelled it. Furthermore, the external application of solavetivone at 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L led to a significant reduction of nematode infestation in potted plants. These results collectively verify that P. fragi flagellin flg22pf triggers solavetivone synthesis to increase tomato plant resistance against M. incognita by stimulating the expression of K14182 and K15472 genes.

PMID 42284718
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PubMedActa tropica2026-06-13

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium in beef cattle in Xinjiang, China and first report subtype IIdA16G1 of C. parvum in China.

Zhang Bowen B, Zhang Xu X, Su Duoduo D, Wang Yuanmeng Y et al.

A total of 558 fecal samples from beef cattle were collected across five counties in Xinjiang, China, and tested for Cryptosporidium using nested PCR targeting the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidium was found to be 20.6% (115/558). Notably, the highest infection rate, 32.8% (43/131), was observed in post-weaned calves, followed by pre-weaned calves at 29.0% (38/131), juvenile cattle at 16.5% (21/127), and adult cattle at 7.7% (13/169). Four species of Cryptosporidium were identified: C. parvum (n = 21), C. bovis (n = 62), C. ryanae (n = 17), and C. andersoni (n = 15). Sequence analysis of the gp60 gene revealed two subtypes of C. parvum, specifically IIdA19G1 (n = 2) and IIdA16G1 (n = 11). Additionally, five subtype families of C. bovis were identified: XXVIa (n = 7), XXVIb (n = 5), XXVIc (n = 6), XXVId (n = 7), and XXVIf (n = 8). For C. ryanae, three subtype families were identified: XXIc (n = 1), XXIf (n = 1), and XXIg (n = 8). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the identified C. parvum subtypes clustered within a subclade alongside sequences from both domestic and international sources, as well as from various hosts. The subtype sequences of C. bovis and C. ryanae were found to group into larger clades with subtype sequences from cattle in different regions of China, demonstrating no significant genetic evolutionary divergence. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the subtype IIdA16G1 of C. parvum in cattle within China. These findings underscore the high genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in beef cattle in Xinjiang, thereby enriching the understanding of the population genetic structure of Cryptosporidium spp. in this region.

PMID 42285395
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PubMedBMC emergency medicine2026-06-13

Diagnostic discordance and differential diagnoses of community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department.

Simon Susanne S, Fuge Jan J, Hinze Christopher Alexander CA, Ewig Santiago S et al.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common reason for presentation to the emergency department (ED), but accurate diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping and often nonspecific clinical features. Data on the frequency and spectrum of alternative diagnoses in patients initially diagnosed with CAP in the ED are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance of an initial ED diagnosis of CAP, characterize common alternative discharge diagnoses, and analyze clinical, laboratory, imaging utilization, and vital sign parameters associated with confirmed CAP. We conducted a retrospective analysis of diagnostic concordance and differential diagnoses in 1,385 adult patients who presented to the ED of Hannover Medical School and were initially diagnosed with CAP. Initial ED diagnoses were compared with discharge diagnoses. The cohort comprised 37% female and 63% male patients with a median age of 71 years (IQR 58-79). Comparison between initial ED and discharge diagnoses demonstrated that suspected CAP was confirmed in 52% (n = 663) of cases. The most common differential diagnoses were other pulmonary conditions (n = 297, 41%), cardiac conditions (n = 150, 21%), and renal conditions (n = 95, 13%). Patients with confirmed CAP showed significantly higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (82 mg/L [IQR 37-159] vs. 57 mg/L [IQR 22-127]; p < 0.001) and slightly higher body temperature (37.1 °C [IQR 36.4-38.0] vs. 36.8 °C [IQR 36.2-37.7]; p < 0.001) than those with alternative diagnoses. Only about half of patients initially diagnosed with CAP in the emergency setting had a confirmed diagnosis at discharge, indicating that CAP in this context should be regarded as a working diagnosis rather than a definitive entity. Isolated laboratory, imaging, and vital sign parameters showed limited ability to distinguish CAP from alternative diagnoses, highlighting the importance of structured reassessment after admission to confirm or revise the initial diagnosis and to reduce misclassification and unnecessary antibiotic use.

PMID 42286498
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PubMedScientific reports2026-06-13

Pv-aCO2 and Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 as surrogates for cardiac output and oxygen metabolism in septic shock patients.

Ye Gong-Jie GJ, Weng Yi-Ru YR, Zheng Shi S, Dong Zhou-Zhou ZZ

The study investigates the link between the venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide gap (Pv-aCO2) and cardiac output (CO), as well as the venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide gap to arterial-venous oxygen content difference (Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2) ratio and the oxygen delivery to oxygen consumption (DO2/VO2) ratio in septic shock patients, with myocardial dysfunction as a secondary subgroup analysis. A retrospective observational study was conducted in intensive care units (ICUs) from July 1, 2018, to March 31, 2024, focusing on patients with septic shock. Participants were divided into two groups for subgroup analysis: those with myocardial dysfunction and those without, based on ejection fraction (EF). The study collected fundamental data, baseline clinical variables, and prognostic indicators to compare the two groups. The study also examined the correlations between Pv-aCO2 and CO, Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 and DO2/VO2 in the overall cohort and subgroups. The study involved 597 septic shock patients. In the overall cohort, a negative correlation was found between Pv-aCO2 and CO (r = - 0.63, P < 0.01) and between Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 and DO2/VO2 (r = - 0.71, P < 0.01). In subgroup analysis, 127 patients had myocardial dysfunction, and 470 did not. No significant differences were noted in basic data, lactate, and other indicators (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in intubation rate, CO, EF, vasoactive inotropic score (VIS), C-reactive protein (CRP), DO2, Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE-II) score, and 28-day mortality rate (P < 0.05) between groups. In myocardial dysfunction subgroup, Pv-aCO2 negatively correlated with CO (r = - 0.57, P < 0.01), and Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 negatively correlated with DO2/VO2 (r = - 0.80, P < 0.01). Similarly, in non-myocardial dysfunction subgroup, Pv-aCO2 negatively correlated with CO (r = - 0.62, P < 0.01), and Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 negatively correlated with DO2/VO2 (r = - 0.68, P < 0.01). The correlation of Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 with DO2/VO2 was significantly stronger in myocardial dysfunction subgroup (P = 0.008), while the Pv-aCO2-CO correlation was similar between subgroups (P = 0.44). In septic shock patients, Pv-aCO2 and Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 correlate well with CO and DO2/VO2, indicating they could be surrogate markers for these parameters. As a secondary finding, the correlation of Pv-aCO2 and Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2 is stronger in patients with myocardial dysfunction.

PMID 42286240
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PubMedMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026-06-12

Preparation and Properties of Transparent, Thermally Insulating, and Flexible SiO2 Aerogels.

Li Jian J, Shi Shuhang S, Shu Haitao H, Chen Qianyu Q et al.

SiO2 aerogels are promising candidates for energy-efficient glazing because of their low thermal conductivity and optical transparency; however, conventional formulations often fail to reconcile optical, thermal, and mechanical performance. This work aimed to resolve this bottleneck via controllable sol-gel synthesis and ambient pressure drying. Using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the single silicon source, this study systematically explored the effects of alkaline catalyst type, water-to-MTMS ratio, and surfactant selection, and further developed an MTMS-dimethyl dimethoxy silicane (DMDMS) composite silicon source. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) catalysis, a water-to-MTMS molar ratio of 7:1, and Pluronic F-127 (F127) surfactant yielded a uniform, hydrophobic aerogel with 93.50% porosity and 89.74% transmittance at 800 nm. The optimized composite system (MTMS:DMDMS = 9:1, 6 mL water, 2.0 g F127) enhanced compressive strength by 22.4% relative to pure MTMS aerogel, with 70.15% visible transmittance and thermal conductivity of 0.027 W/(m·K). These results demonstrate that multi-parameter formulation control can achieve a practical balance among mechanical robustness, optical transparency, and thermal insulation. This study provides a theoretical and process foundation for the engineering application of high-performance transparent thermal insulation materials.

PMID 42280054
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