prezatide copper acetate (GHK:Cu / vulnerary, ProCyte / Iamin Hydrating Gel)

Molecular-Level Modulation of Mass Transfer Kinetics in Trinuclear Copper Cluster-Based COFs Enables Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction.

Chen Guinan G, Zhu Chao C, Zhou Yu Y, Li Shiqi S et al.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NO3RR) provides a sustainable route for ammonia synthesis while mitigating nitrate pollution, yet catalyst design has largely overlooked mass transfer kinetics. Herein, we report a series of vinylene-linked trinuclear copper cluster-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs; CuDB-TMT, CuDA-TMT, and CuDA-TMB) synthesized via Knoevenagel condensation, enabling precise modulation of the catalytic microenvironment. Systematic structural variation reveals that steric hindrance and pore architecture critically govern substrate accessibility and interfacial kinetics. CuDB-TMT, bearing methyl-substituted copper clusters, exhibits suppressed activity due to hindered mass transfer, whereas CuDA-TMB, featuring enlarged pores and an unobstructed active site environment, achieves a high ammonia Faradaic efficiency of 95.36% and a yield rate of 10.26 mg h-1 cm-2 in 50 mM nitrate, outperforming most reported NO3RR electrocatalysts. Combined experimental and theoretical studies identify mass transfer regulation as a key determinant of catalytic performance. Moreover, CuDA-TMB functions effectively as a cathode for Zn-nitrate batteries. This work highlights molecular-level kinetic control as a viable strategy for designing high-performance porous electrocatalysts.

Author Correction: Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived acetate promotes pancreatic cancer development by altering polyamine metabolism via the ACSS2-SP1-SAT1 axis.

Murthy Divya D, Attri Kuldeep S KS, Shukla Surendra K SK, Thakur Ravi R et al.

DoE-oriented optimization of a chitosan-based nanoemulgel of clobetasol propionate for therapeutic intervention in psoriasis.

Prajapati Shiv Kumar SK, Lashkari Deepa D, Acharya Sweta S, Bajpai Meenakshi M et al.

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease caused by immune-mediated inflammation. Clobetasol propionate (Cp), a steroid, reduces inflammation by binding the glucocorticoid receptor. This study aimed to optimize a Cp-loaded nanoemulsion (Cp-NE) with a focus on its cytocompatibility with HaCaT keratinocytes and physicochemical stability during storage. Optimization was performed using a Box-Behnken design. Cp-NE was loaded into a chitosan gel to prolong skin retention. The formulations were analyzed for globule size, PDI, ZP, and viscosity. In vitro, drug release and skin permeability were also assessed. The optimized Cp-NE had a globule size of 122 nm, a %EE of 89%, a PDI of 0.508, and a ZP of -28 mV. The Cp-NE gel had a pH of 6.13 and a viscosity of 6799 cps, making it suitable for topical use. In vitro, free Cp released 91% within 2 h; Cp-NE released 83.4% at 12 h, indicating sustained release, which was further extended in chitosan gel. The release followed Higuchi kinetics, confirming diffusion control. Skin permeation was higher with the Cp-NE gel than with the free drug. Cytocompatibility tests showed higher cell viability for Cp-NE. Cytokine assays in HaCaT cells showed significant reductions in IL-6 and TNF-α with Cp-NE and Cp-NE gel, indicating anti-inflammatory potential. MTT assays confirmed biocompatibility, supporting transdermal use. The results suggest that chitosan nanoemulsions improve drug delivery and biocompatibility and reduce inflammation. Stability studies showed excellent stability at 5 ± 3 °C and 25 ± 2 °C/60 ± 5% RH. The Cp-NE gel exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, sustained release, enhanced skin permeation, and stability, highlighting its potential for psoriasis treatment.

Laser-Induced Synthesis and Passivation of Intrinsically Antioxidative Nano-Copper for Durable Electronics.

Cai Zimo Z, Luo Huayu H, Hou Yuyu Y, Tang Jian J et al.

The ever-increasing costs, along with rigorous storage requirements, are the primary obstacles to the sustainable development of pure metallic inks for advanced electronics. The chemically reductive conversion of copper (Cu) from its much cheaper oxides offers a comparable alternative, whereas suffering from the intrinsic oxidation issues that lead to conductivity failures. Here, we report laser-induced synthesis and passivation of robust nano-Cu, achieving superior durability under harsh humid-thermal conditions (190°C and 90°C, 90% RH) in the absence of additional encapsulations. Through selective and controllable metallization, the nascent Cu is equipped with well-defined dual-ligand barriers at interface, which are functionalized by formate crystallographic coordination and oleylamine hydrophobization. Such surface modification imparts the as-formed Cu with limited resistance increase over prolonged humid-thermal fluctuations. As demonstrations, we create conformal and wearable sensor systems with passivated Cu interconnects that withstand humid-thermal erosion and provide signal alerts. This laser technology bridges the gap between high-performance Cu nanomaterials and cost-effectiveness, empowering endurable electronics for real-life extremes.