HAL Allergy Group · 治疗药物
Purethal Mites 是一种治疗药物，由HAL Allergy Group研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Subcutaneous Injection。
| 商品名 | Purethal Mites |
| 公司 | HAL Allergy Group |
| 给药途径 | Injectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection |
| 状态 | Approved |
Purethal Mites 针对 3 个适应症，涉及 3 个治疗领域。
| 治疗领域 | 疾病/病症 | 分期 |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Rhinitis allergic | ✓ Approved |
| Immune system disorders | Allergy to animal | ✓ Approved |
| Eye disorders | Conjunctivitis allergic | ✓ Approved |
Xu Ziwen Z, Wang Na N, Wang Shufen S, Yu Yongmei Y et al.
Donnarumma Danilo D, Presti Giuseppe Cirino GC, Arigò Adriana A, Trozzi Alessandra A et al.
Cannabis sativa L. plant has acquired significant attention in recent years considering that numerous countries around the world are legalizing it for medical uses or recreational purposes. Due to its increasing popularity, farmers are particularly prone to use pesticides such as insecticides, acaricides, and fungicides in order to eliminate, repel, or minimize aphids, spider mites, and thrips, respectively. Accurate determination of pesticide residues in cannabis plants is mandatory to safeguard consumer health. This research study is focused on the employment of a robotic platform online coupled to UHPLC-MS/MS instrument for the rapid screening of pesticides in Cannabis sativa L. flowering tops. The developed automated procedure required only 30 mg of dried sample and 200 μL of acetonitrile as unique extraction solvent. The total analysis time was 25 min per sample, including extraction cycle (10 min). The method was proved by defining the following figures of merit: intra- and inter-day repeatability, linearity range, limits of quantification (LoQs), recovery, and accuracy. The LoQs for all the analytes were of 0.005 μg g-1, except for aldicarb and boscalid compounds (0.01 μg g-1). Matrix-matched calibration curves showed good linearity over the range with coefficients of determination ≥ 0.9991. Recoveries ranged from 72.3 % to 116.2 % in accordance with 70-120 % allowed range by SANTE/11312/2021v2026 guidelines. The sample preparation greenness was assessed using sample preparation method of sustainability (SPMS) and analytical greenness metric (AGREEprep) tools, providing scores of 6.42 and 0.55 respectively, higher than those obtained for conventional QuEChERS workflow (3.79 and 0.16).
Melo Luana Lima LL, De Alfaia Josiane P JP, Costa João M R JMR, de A P Neto Antônio A et al.
Under field conditions, predator-prey interactions can be modulated by the diverse availability and suitability of food resources, which diet type may alter biological and behavioral parameters of predators. Amblyseius largoensis and Euseius concordis are phytoseiid predatory mites identified as potential biological control agents for the giant whitefly, Aleurodicus cocois, a major pest of cashew trees. In the present study, we investigated how exclusive and mixed diets composed of Ricinus communis pollen, A. cocois eggs, and Tetranychus urticae (used for comparison, as it is a standard prey in phytoseiid predation analysis) affect oviposition and predation by A. largoensis and E. concordis. In addition, we examined the effect of A. cocois egg age on consumption and feeding preference by these predators. Both species exhibited higher oviposition rates when fed exclusively on pollen, whereas diets composed solely of T. urticae resulted in the lowest values. The presence of pollen did not affect the predation rate of A. cocois eggs, indicating that the availability of this alternative resource does not compromise predatory efficiency. The age of A. cocois eggs offered as food did not affect predator oviposition; however, in both choice and no-choice tests, A. largoensis and E. concordis preferentially consumed older eggs (> 48 h). These results demonstrate that pollen availability increases reproductive potential without reducing predation capacity and that prey egg age influences consumption dynamics, providing ecologically relevant insights for management strategies that integrate the conservation of floral resources and the use of these phytoseiid mites in the biological control of A. cocois in cashew production systems.
Larrazabal Camilo C, Conejeros Iván I, Grob Daniela D, López-Osorio Sara S et al.
Sarcoptic mange is a skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei infestations, characterized by dermatitis, pruritus, and exudative responses in both humans and animals. Biologically, the life cycle of S. scabiei is confined to the host's skin (stratum corneum), where mite-derived molecules trigger the influx of innate immune cells, including polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), which play a central role in skin inflammatory responses. The antimicrobial activity of PMNs is regulated by Ca2+ fluxes and includes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), degranulation, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures composed of chromatin and enzymes that can trap and eventually kill pathogens; however, their involvement in S. scabiei infestations in bovines remains unclear. Here, we investigated interactions between bovine PMN and S. scabiei mites, as well as PMN responses to S. scabiei antigen (ScAg). Functional parameters included NET release, Ca2+ fluxes, ROS production and phagocytic activity, determined by fluorescence microscopy, Fluo-4 staining, luminol-derived luminescence and flow cytometry, respectively. Current data show that ScAg, but not whole mites, induces a weak NET release in exposed bovine PMN. Additionally, ScAg drives rapid and sustained Ca2+ fluxes and ROS production over time, without altering the phagocytic capacity of PMN.
Rogowska-van der Molen Magda A MA, Gallo Filomena F, Bell-Sakyi Lesley L, Salje Jeanne J
Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot), the causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium naturally maintained in Leptotrombidium mites, yet its interactions within arthropod hosts remain poorly understood. Here, we employed two tick cell lines, Ixodes scapularis ISE6 and Rhipicephalus microplus BME/CTVM23, as arthropod models to investigate the intracellular lifecycle of Ot strains TA686 and Karp. Both strains efficiently infected tick cells and replicated within them, with ISE6 supporting more robust growth. Electron microscopy images revealed that Ot maintains its characteristic cytoplasmic, non-vacuolar location in tick cells and exits infected cells by budding off the surface in a membrane-encased structure. Time-course immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated progressive intracellular replication and dynamic expression of Ot outer membrane autotransporters ScaA and ScaC, with ScaC enriched early in infection and ScaA at later stages. A microscopy-based analysis of metabolic activity using a clickable methionine analog L-homopropargylglycine showed that high ScaA abundance correlated with reduced translational activity, suggesting a link between ScaA abundance and late-stage or extracellular-like developmental states. The subcellular location of Ot in tick cells differs from the characteristic dynein-driven perinuclear clustering observed in mammalian cells and was not sensitive to disruption of microtubules, suggesting a distinct mode of distribution. Together, these findings identify tick cell lines as tractable and biologically relevant arthropod models for studying Ot and dissecting host-microbe interactions.IMPORTANCEOrientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium naturally maintained in trombiculid mites, yet its interactions with arthropod host cells remain poorly understood. This study establishes, for the first time, a tractable in vitro arthropod model for O. tsutsugamushi using tick cell lines from Ixodes scapularis and Rhipicephalus microplus. We demonstrate that both virulent and avirulent Orientia strains efficiently infect and replicate in these cells while maintaining their characteristic cytoplasmic location and budding mode of exit. Distinct temporal expression of the bacterial autotransporters ScaA and ScaC and their relationship to metabolic activity reveal stage-specific adaptations during infection. These findings provide essential mechanistic insight into how O. tsutsugamushi persists and develops within arthropod hosts. The tick cell model enables comparative studies of host-pathogen interactions across vector species and offers a powerful tool to investigate transmission biology and potential targets for intervention.
Serrano Salgado Joana J, Vera Milenka M, Keener Ronan R, Gray Jackson J et al.
Spiraea plants showing symptoms of virus infection were investigated using high-throughput sequencing which resulted in the identification of two novel viruses: an emaravirus named Spiraea chlorotic leaf spot distortion virus (SCLSDV), and an alphacytorhabdovirus named Spiraea alphacytorhabdovirus 1 (SpCRV-1). The complete genome of SCLSDV comprises four RNA segments, each encoding a distinct protein: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein precursor, nucleocapsid protein, and movement protein, respectively. SCLSDV shares 33.99-71.78% amino acid identity with pear chlorotic leaf spot-associated virus. Virus purification and electron microscopy confirmed pleomorphic, enveloped particles (80-100 nm) matching the morphology of members of the genus Emaravirus. The alphacytorhabdovirus shares 70% of nucleotide identity with Actinidia virus D and encodes eight putative proteins. Both novel viruses were detected in a mixed infection with Spiraea yellow leaf spot virus. Additionally, SCLSDV was consistently detected in a single infection in 50 out of 77 plant samples exhibiting yellow spot disease, characterized by chlorotic lesions, leaf distortion, and necrosis. These findings suggest that strong yellow spot symptoms and leaf distortion are likely associated with SCLSDV infection. Furthermore, eriophyid mites were collected from symptomatic plants and identified morphologically as Calepitrimerus sp. Given the known role of eriophyid mites in emaravirus transmission, their presence suggests it could be a potential vector for SCLSDV.
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