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snake venom antibody-2 (ViperaTAb)

✓ Approved

MicroPharm · 多克隆抗体 · 多克隆抗体

什么是 snake venom antibody-2？

snake venom antibody-2 是一种多克隆抗体，由MicroPharm研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intravenous (IV)。

药物档案

商品名ViperaTAb
公司MicroPharm
药物类别多克隆抗体, 抗体
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, MicroPharm

治疗适应症

snake venom antibody-2 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsVenom poisoning✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedMicrobiology spectrum2026-08-05

Allosteric effects of CDR-H3 mutations modulate binding and neutralization of a conserved SARS-CoV-2 RBD-targeting antibody.

Nasir Muhammad Waqas MW, Liang Qiyun Q, He Jun J, Rashid Umer U et al.

SARS-CoV-2 antigenic evolution continues to erode the activity of first-generation monoclonal antibodies, underscoring the value of antibodies that recognize conserved features within the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD). As a model for breadth-oriented engineering, we assessed the RBD-directed antibody XG83, which has a CDRH3-dominated paratope. Utilizing the XG83-Wuhan RBD crystal structure as a reference, we integrated MOE alanine scanning and residue scanning with CDRH3 (A116-Y132) to identify chemically reasonable replacements and test interaction to an Omicron BA.1 RBD. The parental CDRH3-centric pose in comparative docking had a better score (-280.18) than the mutant MuXG83 (-254.2), along with 100-ns molecular dynamics showed that MuXG83 was less stable (with higher RMSD/RMSF with less favorable interaction energy). The ELISA results against Omicron BA.1 RBD demonstrated that XG83 had 40% stronger binding than MuXG83; convergence happened only at the highest concentration, concordant with SPR studies and the fact that mutation increased dissociation. According to this binding gap, BA.1 pseudovirus neutralization demonstrated that XG83 was much more powerful than MuXG83, showing that the E118L/F130H CDR-H3 alterations decreased functional activity against Omicron BA.1. These results imply that allosteric influences on interface stability and conformational dynamics by non-epitope CDR-H3 residues can affect antibody performance. Functional testing was confined to Omicron BA.1; therefore, larger variant-panel studies are needed to ascertain if such mutations affect antibody breadth. Our findings highlight a structure-guided approach for optimizing paratopes and indicate that non-epitope (potentially allosteric) changes to CDRH3 are also important while investigating potential development and neutralization before advancement. This study shows how modest allosteric characteristics in CDR-H3 control the delicate balance between neutralizing potency and breadth, making a timely and significant addition to SARS-CoV-2 antibody engineering. Using crystallography, alanine scanning, residue scanning, docking, molecular dynamics, and experimental ELISA and neutralization assays, this study offers a structure-guided framework for rational paratope optimization. The discovery of CDR-H3 residues that regulate long-range stability rather than just direct epitope contacts reveals an unappreciated aspect of antibody design and explains why some alterations improve anticipated interactions but degrade functional performance. Importantly, the comparison of wild-type XG83 and modified MuXG83 shows how allosteric tuning affects antibody-antigen compatibility in developing variations like Omicron. These findings illuminate conserved RBD recognition and offer strategies for building next-generation therapeutic antibodies that are more resistant to viral evolution.

PMID 42554515
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PubMedClinical & translational immunology2026-08-05

Humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants after ancestral COVID-19 vaccines in people with HIV and lung transplant recipients.

Griffin David Wj DW, Gill Paul A PA, Boo Irene I, Sun Shir S et al.

Immunocompromised hosts have reduced immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination, and more severe disease. Antibody responses correlate with protection but markers of immunity vary across a spectrum of immunocompromise. We compared serologic and cellular responses following Ancestral COVID-19 vaccines in healthy controls (HC), people with HIV (PWH) and lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Anti-spike receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG, neutralising antibodies (nAb) and T-cell responses were assessed one-month post-dose 2 and dose 3 of Ancestral COVID-19 vaccination in HC, PWH and LTx. NAb responses to Ancestral, Delta and Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 variants were assessed. Twenty-nine HC, 21 PWH and 12 LTx recipients were included. PWH demonstrated lower anti-RBD-IgG responses (median post-dose 3: 80.3 μg mL-1 vs 43.3 μg mL-1, P = 0.03) to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination than HC, while LTx recipients displayed diminished responses following any vaccine (15.3 μg mL-1 vs 74.0 μg mL-1, P = 0.01). Dose 3 increased anti-RBD-IgG concentrations and nAb responses in HC and PWH, though Omicron variant neutralisation was attenuated. LTx recipients mounted limited nAb responses. PWH and HC had no difference in nAb responses for Ancestral (median 1738 vs 486.2, P > 0.99) or BA.5 variants (median 34.0 vs 67.9, P > 0.99). Compared with HC, PWH and LTx demonstrated reduced frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells and a reduced functional memory T-cell response in LTx. Although Dose 3 was beneficial, LTx recipients demonstrated lower serological responses than HC, while reductions were modest in PWH. Immunocompromised groups had reduced but detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, demonstrating the utility of COVID-19 vaccination despite poorer serological responses.

PMID 42553076
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PubMedClinical kidney journal2026-08-05

Treatment response to daratumumab in antibody-mediated kidney allograft rejection: evidence from serial protocol biopsies.

Kanzelmeyer Nele Kirsten NK, Verboom Murielle M, Hallensleben Michael M, Bade-Döding Christina C et al.

Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a major cause of chronic allograft dysfunction and graft loss after kidney transplantation (KTx). Daratumumab, antibody targeting the transmembrane glycoprotein CD38 (cluster of differentiation) on immune cells, has shown promise in the treatment of refractory ABMR in adult solid organ transplantation; however, pediatric data are scarce. We report two pediatric cases of refractory ABMR after KTx treated with daratumumab with followed-up protocol biopsies over 10-12 months. Treatment consisted of an induction phase with five weekly doses followed by maintenance dosing every two to four weeks. Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), kidney function, albuminuria, and histologic response were assessed. The first case, a 10-year-old girl with recurrent ABMR after KTx showed histologic improvement from active ABMR with C4d positivity, glomerulitis, and severe microvascular inflammation to predominantly chronic changes without signs of active rejection. Microvascular inflammation became mild and C4d staining turned negative. The second case, a 9-year-old boy with active and chronic antiglomerular basement membrane disease and severe transplant ABMR glomerulopathy initially showed progression of chronic injury, followed by complete histologic resolution of active disease, disappearance of C4d staining, minimal fibrosis (<1%), and marked reduction of albuminuria after 10 months. Both patients demonstrated reduced DSA levels, stabilization of graft function, and no serious adverse events. Daratumumab was associated with histologic improvement, reduction of microvascular inflammation, and stabilization of graft function in two children with refractory ABMR after KTx. Controlled studies to determine the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosage of daratumumab in children with ABMR are needed.

PMID 42553987
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PubMedSoft matter2026-08-05

Designing DNA nanostar hydrogels for sequence-specific degradation and antibody release.

Palombo Giorgia G, Merrick Christine A CA, Harnett Jennifer J, Rosser Susan S et al.

DNA nanostar (DNAns) hydrogels are promising materials for in vivo applications, including tissue regeneration and drug and antibody delivery. However, a systematic and quantitative understanding of the design principles controlling their degradation is lacking. Here, we investigate hydrogels made of three-armed DNAns with varying flexible joints, arm lengths, and mesh sizes and use restriction enzymes (RE) to cut the DNAns structures while monitoring the gel's degradation. We discover that (i) removing flexible joints, (ii) increasing arm length, or (iii) relocating the RE site along a DNA linker markedly accelerates hydrogel degradation. In contrast, non-specific endonucleases, e.g. DNaseI, quickly degrade DNAns hydrogels regardless of design. Importantly, the release of antibodies from DNAns hydrogels can be modulated by the action of sequence-specific enzymes, confirming that design-dependent susceptibility to sequence-specific enzymatic degradation can be leveraged for responsive drug-delivery systems. These findings provide new design principles for engineering DNAns hydrogels with tailored material properties, sequence-specific enzymatic susceptibility, and controlled cargo release.

PMID 42552938
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PubMedHemaSphere2026-08-05

First-line treatment with epcoritamab in combination with bendamustine plus rituximab induces sustained remissions beyond 3 years in patients with follicular lymphoma.

Vitolo Umberto U, Falchi Lorenzo L, Andersson Per-Ola PO, Nijland Marcel M et al.

First-line (1L) bendamustine plus rituximab (BR) leads to high response rates in follicular lymphoma (FL), but maintaining durable remissions remains challenging. We report the 3-year follow-up from arm 3 of the phase 1b/2 EPCORE NHL-2 trial (NCT04663347) of epcoritamab, a subcutaneously administered CD3×CD20 bispecific antibody, combined with BR in patients with newly diagnosed FL. Twenty-five patients received epcoritamab plus BR, followed by epcoritamab monotherapy for up to 2 years. At a median follow-up of 41.3 months, the best overall response and CR rates were both 96%. The median time to CR was 1.5 (range 1-6) months. At 3 years, 87% of responders maintained CR. High CR rates were observed across subgroups, including 100% of patients with bulky disease (≥7 cm), 93% with Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index score ≥3, and 100% with bone marrow involvement. The three-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 83% and 96%, respectively. Three patients progressed within 24 months of initiating treatment. Long-term data were consistent with prior reports and the known safety profiles of the individual agents, with no high-grade cytokine release syndrome or immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome events. Infections occurred in 92% of patients; COVID-19 was the most common (84%). Overall, 1L FL treatment with epcoritamab plus BR resulted in deep, durable responses beyond 3 years with a consistent safety profile. These results compare favorably with BR alone, although they require confirmation in further studies, and highlight the versatility of epcoritamab in combination with various standards of care and in improving outcomes in FL.

PMID 42553584
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PubMedExperimental & molecular medicine2026-08-05

Multifaceted roles of CD44 in cancer progression and targeted therapeutic strategies.

Oh Hyun-Ji HJ, Kim Seung-Tae ST, Kim Hyun-Jin HJ, Lee Kang-To KT et al.

CD44, a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein, is not only a bystander but also a crucial driver of cancer progression that promotes cancer stem cell maintenance, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Therefore, CD44 is recognized as a promising therapeutic target in advanced malignancies. Here, we discuss its unique features, such as its structural diversity, which arise from alternative splicing and the post-translational modifications of cleavage and phosphorylation. In addition, we discuss the function of CD44 as a multivalent cell adhesion receptor for extracellular matrix components, including hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, osteopontin, and TSG6, thereby regulating lymphocyte activation, cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion, and migration within the extracellular matrix. Moreover, the emerging role of CD44 as a co-receptor of receptor tyrosine kinases such as epidermal growth factor receptor, c-MET, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 is highlighted to elucidate the contribution of CD44 to malignant signaling networks. We also discuss its potential as a therapeutic target in advanced cancers, particularly its applications in unconjugated antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, peptide-based inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies. We conclude by addressing the limitations observed in clinical studies and outlining promising opportunities for future development.

PMID 42552379
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