donepezil (E 2022 / TK023 / TK 023)

Feasibility of a nurse-led patch-type electroencephalography monitoring protocol with arterial spin labeling in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective observational study.

Asami Masahiro M, Nakata Hikaru H, Kondo Ryoichiro R, Nakajima Yukiko Y et al.

Nonconvulsive seizures are clinically important in severe traumatic brain injury but are difficult to detect when continuous electroencephalography (EEG) is not feasible in the intensive care unit. We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate a nurse-led patch-type EEG protocol, with arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging as an exploratory comparator. Patch-type EEG monitoring was feasible in 21 of 24 enrolled patients (87.5%), and both EEG and ASL assessments were evaluable in 16 patients. Electrographic seizures were detected in four patients (25%), with all of them showing corresponding focal hyperperfusion on imaging. These findings suggest that simplified patch-type EEG monitoring is feasible in this setting; however, further studies are warranted to determine the clinical relevance of nurse-led patch-type EEG monitoring.

FracNeXt: Enhancing visual representation learning in sequence models with fractal wavelets.

Lu Pengfeng P, Kamata Sei-Ichiro SI, Zhang Mengyunqiu M

Recent applications of sequence models, such as Transformers and Mamba, in the vision domain have demonstrated promising performance. However, the processes of patch token extraction and token mixing inevitably result in the irreversible loss of spatial information. Existing sequence models for vision tasks rely heavily on residual connections to mitigate this issue, yet they overlook the limitations of residual connections in maintaining frequency stability. To address these challenges, we propose Multiple Wavelet Patch Partition (MWPP), a method that extracts patch tokens while preserving the spatial information within each patch. In addition, we introduce a frequency-aware Selective Wavelet Connection (SWC) to augment residual connections, thereby enhancing frequency stability and compensating for the information loss caused by token mixing. Building on MWPP and SWC, we design FracNeXt, a scalable fractal architecture that integrates both convolution and self-attention as token mixers. Under comparable experimental settings, FracNeXt achieves top-1 accuracies of 76.8% on ImageNet and 81.2% on CIFAR-100. Moreover, it delivers state-of-the-art performance across a variety of tasks, including object detection, optical character recognition, and time-series classification on diverse benchmarks. Furthermore, MWPP improves the F1 score of existing sequence models by up to 3.8%, while the proposed fractal architecture with SWC demonstrates superior robustness with respect to model depth.

Rethinking Portal Vein Hypoplasia in Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Prioritizing Longitudinal Patch Augmentation Over Resection.

Channaoui Aniss A, Béry Viviane V, de Magnée Catherine C, Tambucci Roberto R

Non-Surgical Hair Restoration Options: Current Techniques and Emerging Technologies in Prejuvenation.

Paul Benjamin Curman BC

Aims and Backgrounds: Hair loss is a highly prevalent condition, and patients are increasingly seeking pre-junvination and restoration. This review evaluates contemporary non-surgical hair restoration modalities. Therapeutic strategies have evolved from topical vasodilators to targeted hormonal, regenerative, and device-based interventions reflecting advances in our understanding of follicular biology and technology. Hair follicle cycling is regulated by dermal papilla signaling, epithelial stem cells, and perifollicular vascular and inflammatory environments. Non-surgical therapies include oral and topical pharmacologics, hormonal therapies, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), microneedling, peptide-based treatments, exososomes, nutraceuticals, low-level laser therapy (LLLT), lasers, and transdermal delivery systems. Appropriate candidates include patients with androgenetic alopecia and other non-scarring alopecias; accurate diagnosis is critical. Combination therapy is increasingly utilized to target multiple biologic pathways. Post Operative Care: Minimal downtime is expected; long-term adherence is required. Current and Future Development: Emerging therapies include exosome-based treatments, peptides, and advanced drug delivery platforms. Non-surgical modalities are central to prejuvenation and can delay or complement surgical intervention when appropriately applied.