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leuprolide acetate (Leupronax)

✓ Approved

Nanox · GNRH1 · 小分子

什么是 leuprolide acetate？

leuprolide acetate 是一种小分子，由Nanox研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection。

药物档案

商品名Leupronax
公司Nanox
药物类别小分子, 多肽类
分子靶点GNRH1
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Nanox

作用机制

分子靶点

leuprolide acetate 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

GNRH1gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 (GNRH, LHRH)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

leuprolide acetate 针对 4 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Breast cancer✓ Approved
Reproductive system and breast disordersEndometriosis✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Prostate cancer✓ Approved
Reproductive system and breast disordersUterine fibrosis✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedCarbohydrate polymers2026-06-13

Correlating polymer solution and membrane fabrication with morphological and permeation properties of cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes.

Pires Rita F RF, Valente Margarida P MP, Rodrigues Flávia S C FSC, Charas Ana A et al.

Cellulose acetate (CA) membranes were prepared by phase inversion using three fixed solvent compositions (30/53, 31/52 and 35/48 wt% of formamide/acetone) while varying the air exposure time prior to immersion (0, 10, and 30 s). The influence of the percentage of formamide and evaporation time on the membrane structure and performance was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization, pure water permeation, and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) measurements. Results demonstrated that evaporation time was a key factor in controlling the membrane morphology. Short evaporation times favored fast demixing and the formation of macrovoids, while longer evaporation times (30 s) suppressed these defects and produced smoother selective layers. The CA(35)-30 membrane exhibited the most favorable properties, including a water permeability of 36.0 L/h/m2/bar, an MWCO of 35.0 kDa, low surface roughness (RMS = 1.81 nm), and an asymmetric structure free of macrovoids and surface stripes.

PMID 42285671
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PubMedJournal of environmental management2026-06-13

Development of membrane bioreactor using biopolymer recovered from corncob waste for tannery wastewater treatment.

Udayakumar Sathya S, Prabhu S Melvin SM, Minnalkodi Senguttuvan Keerthana Rani KR

This study presents the novel development and application of a cellulose acetate membrane synthesized from corncob waste, an agrowaste, in a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for treating real tannery wastewater. Corncob-derived cellulose biomaterial was used to fabricate the hollowfibre membranes for the very first time. Phase inversion method was used with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the pore-forming additive. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful acetylation with characteristic ester peaks at 1736 cm-1, along with key cellulose backbone features. The membrane was integrated into a lab-scale aerobic MBR treating real tannery wastewater with an average feed COD of 2550 mg/L, TSS of 1080 mg/L, NH4+-N of 162 mg/L, and TDS of 7440 mg/L. COD value decreased up to 856 mg/L during biological degradation process and the permeate had the average COD value of 640 mg/L, achieving overall removal efficiency of 75%. Initially, NH4+-N during acclimation process had dropped up to 141 mg/L and then finally reached the value of 55 mg/L. Membrane flux declined steadily from 26.18 to 3.89 L/m2·h as mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) increased from 8000 to 12,000 mg/L. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) after chemical cleaning with 0.5% NaOCl was 49.94% for the cellulose acetate membrane and 74.98% for the PVDF membrane, suggesting that further surface modifications or pretreatment steps may be necessary to enhance antifouling properties of biopolymer-based membranes. To improve the final effluent quality, ozonation was applied to the permeate for 60 min. This advanced oxidation step further reduced COD from 640 mg/L to 220 mg/L and significantly removed residual colour.

PMID 42284846
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PubMedCommunications chemistry2026-06-13

Selective cellulose fibril release from hardwoods libriform tissue.

von Usslar Felicitas F, Günaydın Büşra Ece BE, Zollfrank Cordt C

Cellulose fibrils are a renewable and biodegradable resource, but their extraction typically requires complete destruction of the original wooden matrix. We present a targeted strategy that enables selective liberation of cellulose microfibrils while preserving the integrity of the surrounding native wood structure. By combining partial delignification with localized surface modification using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Bmim][OAc]), we enable selective liberation and separation of cellulose microfibrils without bulk dissolution or structural damage. This spatially confined treatment exploits the intrinsic anisotropy of the native cellulose architecture, allowing controlled fibril release while maintaining the original orientation and structural framework. These findings reveal how precise chemical interventions can expand the toolbox of cellulose chemistry and unlock new opportunities for advanced wood-based material engineering.

PMID 42286238
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PubMedProstate cancer and prostatic diseases2026-06-13

Association between concomitant ACEI/ARBs use and survival of patients with prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate: A post-hoc analysis of two randomized trials.

Zhao Junliang J, Cai Xinyang X, Mo Zijun Z, Zhao Diwei D et al.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of non-cancer mortality in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. The management of CVD, including hypertension, holds equal significance to cancer treatment. However, the optimal antihypertensive agent for blood pressure management in PCa patients receiving abiraterone acetate (AA) is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between various antihypertensive regimens and survival outcomes in PCa patients treated with AA. We performed a post-hoc observational analysis using data from COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302. Radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), overall survival (OS) and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among the AA groups of COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) monotherapy was associated with longer rPFS (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.59-1.13; HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.95), OS (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.41-1.06; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53-0.92) and PCSS (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.44-1.19; HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.92). Multiple-class antihypertensive treatment regimens including ACEI/ARBs were associated with longer rPFS (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.92; HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.94), OS (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.57-1.01; HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.94) and PCSS (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.51-0.99; HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46-0.83). Multivariable analysis indicated that ACEI/ARBs were associated with improved rPFS (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.60-0.86; HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.94), OS (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.91; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.88) and PCSS (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96; HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.50-0.82). In this post-hoc analysis, concomitant use of ACEI/ARBs was associated with longer rPFS, OS and PCSS in PCa patients treated with AA. The potential role of ACEI/ARB-containing antihypertensive regimens in these patients warrants further investigation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00638690, NCT00887198.

PMID 42286315
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PubMedChinese journal of natural medicines2026-06-13

Quzhou Fructus Aurantii extract alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by activating the PPARα signaling pathway.

Wu Lianhao L, Zhu Wenwen W, Zhang Shuohan S, Chen Ranran R et al.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a chronic metabolic disease that severely affects human health. Quzhou Fructus Aurantii ethyl acetate extract (QFAEE) is a mixture rich in diverse natural flavonoids that exhibits multiple pharmacological properties, including significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the anti-MASH effects of QFAEE and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of QFAEE on MASH and the related mechanisms. The therapeutic effects of QFAEE on hepatic steatosis, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and apoptotic activity were systematically evaluated in both in vivo and in vitro models of metabolic stress. QFAEE administration significantly reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammatory cell infiltration and liver injury in HFHC diet-fed mice. Combined RNA sequencing and network pharmacology analyses revealed that QFAEE exerted its anti-MASH effects through modulation of the PPAR signaling pathway. QFAEE ameliorated MASH by activating PPARα and subsequently upregulating CPT1A, which promoted mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation. Notably, PPARα inhibition promoted hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, all of which were significantly attenuated by QFAEE treatment. These findings suggest that QFAEE prevents metabolic stress-induced MASH progression by activating PPARα signaling.

PMID 42285690
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PubMedDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2026-06-13

Qualitative characterization of the composition of dental thermoplastic polymers by pyrolysis GC-MS.

Li Qianpeng Q, Turkalj Marko M, Sun Wenyue W, Trullemans Laura L et al.

The objective of this study was to qualitatively screen the composition of common dental thermoplastic by double-shot pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) combined with evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry (EGA-MS); and to identify polymer families and potential additives/residual compounds. Ingredient identification is primordial for biocompatibility research and future quantitative analytical research. Nine commercial dental thermoplastic sheets, including aligners, mouthguards, splints, and bleaching trays, were analyzed. EGA-MS was first performed to obtain thermal decomposition profiles. Subsequently, double-shot Py-GC/MS was performed, involving a thermal desorption (TD) stage to analyze volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, followed by a flash pyrolysis (FP) stage to characterize the polymer backbones. EGA-MS and FP revealed diverse polymers, including copolyesters, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), styrenics, and polyolefins. Multilayer aligners exhibited profiles consistent with those of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethanes and copolyesters containing cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) and terephthalic acid (TPA). During the TD stage, low-molecular-weight compounds, such as phenolic antioxidants, aldehyde-based clarifiers, and processing-related residues such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) were tentatively identified. Variations between analytical findings and manufacturer documentation consulted in this study were observed across the tested materials. This study provided deeper insights into polymers in thermoplastic materials and identified potential additives and residual compounds to target in future quantitative elution studies. Variations between analytical findings and manufacturer declarations highlight potential gaps in current medical device disclosure policies. Double-shot Py-GC/MS provides a robust non-targeted qualitative screening approach for chemical characterization, allowing further biocompatibility assessment and facilitating subsequent targeted quantification of leachates.

PMID 42285796
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