若生智能
Drug Database
PE

pembrolizumab

✓ Approved

Dako · CD274 · 辅助诊断

什么是 pembrolizumab？

pembrolizumab 是一种辅助诊断，由Dako研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Others。

药物档案

公司Dako
药物类别辅助诊断
分子靶点CD274
给药途径Others
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Dako

作用机制

分子靶点

pembrolizumab 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

CD274CD274 molecule (B7H1, B7-H)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

pembrolizumab 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Uterine cancer✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFarmacia hospitalaria : organo oficial de expresion cientifica de la Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Hospitalaria2026-06-13

[Translated article] Real world outcomes of first-line pembrolizumab in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

Burgos Amparo A, Calleja Teresa T, Díaz María Sacramento MS, Lizeaga Garbiñe G et al.

To describe the effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab in routine clinical practice as first-line treatment for advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PD-L1 expression ≥50% and without EGFR or ALK alterations. Retrospective, multicenter observational study including patients diagnosed with advanced/metastatic NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy as first-line therapy between January 2016 and July 2020. Clinical, treatment-related, and safety variables were collected. The primary effectiveness endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A total of 1005 patients from 42 Spanish hospitals were included, with a median age of 67 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 14); 256 were women. The predominant histology was non-squamous (725 patients). Median follow-up was 17.9 months (IQR: 24.1), and the median number of treatment cycles received was 8 (IQR: 21). Median PFS and OS were 8.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.2-10.1) and 18.0 months (95% CI: 16.2-21.3), respectively. In the bivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with shorter OS included: age ≥ 75 years, body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, never smoking, performance status (PS-ECOG) ≥2, squamous histology, baseline liver or brain metastases, ≥2 metastatic sites at diagnosis, Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI) 1-2, and prior exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), corticosteroids, and antibiotics (within the previous 10 days). Overall, 61.7% of patients experienced some degree of toxicity (G1-5), and 15.3% had G ≥ 3 toxicities. Treatment discontinuation due to toxicity occurred in 115 patients (12.7%). Patients who developed toxicity had a median OS of 28.3 months (95% CI: 23.9-34.5), compared to 6.5 months (95% CI: 5.1-9.2) in those without toxicity (p < 0.0001). In advanced/metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥ 50% and no EGFR/ALK alterations, first-line pembrolizumab demonstrates outcomes consistent with the pivotal trial and with published real-world evidence. The findings confirm that PS-ECOG ≥2 and prior PPI exposure are predictors of shorter OS, and that the development of toxicity during treatment is significantly associated with longer survival.

PMID 42285782
阅读全文 →
PubMedInternational journal of laboratory hematology2026-06-13

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma Revealed by Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report.

Assadi-Gazvini Clara C, Li Chloé C, Arnautou Pierre P, Hejl Carine C et al.

We report a 67-year-old man with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, revealed by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. He presented with compressive aerodigestive symptoms and cytopenias. Diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow and lymph node biopsy. Treatment combined etoposide and pembrolizumab-based immunochemotherapy.

PMID 42285774
阅读全文 →
PubMedWorld journal of surgical oncology2026-06-13

Intestinal SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma: a case series and systematic review of the literature.

Ma Wenjing W, Zhou Shenda S, Huang Yongta Y, Tang Xiaofeng X et al.

Intestinal SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma (SMARCA4-DUC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Its clinicopathological features remain poorly defined. No standardized treatment has been established. We report two new cases and review 18 previously published cases, providing a descriptive summary of clinicopathological, molecular, and therapeutic features. The aggregated 20 cases included 80% males, with a mean age of 56 years. The tumors exhibited diffuse sheet-like growth of epithelioid cells, with rhabdoid morphology observed in 81.25% (13/16) of cases. Necrosis and mitotic activity were frequent. Immunohistochemistry confirmed SMARCA4 loss and variable CK/CK7 expression, while CDX-2 and CK20 were consistently negative. Ki-67 was uniformly high. Although molecular profiling data in this study were limited, TP53 mutations were identified in all three cases with available NGS data. Distant metastasis was present in 41.2% of patients at initial diagnosis. The median overall survival was 11 months (range 1.5-29 months). Chemotherapy responses were poor, but responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors were heterogeneous: two patients achieved sustained complete remission (> 18 months) on pembrolizumab, while three others experienced no benefit. Intestinal SMARCA4-deficient carcinoma is a rare high-grade malignancy with a poor prognosis and currently no standard treatment regimen. In this small aggregated series, two patients achieved durable complete responses to pembrolizumab monotherapy, suggesting that a subset of these tumors may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, given the inconsistent responses observed, these preliminary findings require validation in future multicenter, large-scale prospective studies.

PMID 42286625
阅读全文 →
PubMedBMC pulmonary medicine2026-06-13

Diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA for intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis: a retrospective cohort analysis stratified by anti-tuberculosis treatment duration.

Bai Zhexin Z, Sun Zeyi Z, Dong Yujie Y, Nie Wenjuan W et al.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is widely adopted to diagnose intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, including tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLA). However, the influence of anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) treatment duration on its diagnostic yield remains unclear. In this retrospective cohort study, 78patients with suspected intrathoracic TBLA who underwent EBUS-TBNA between June 2017 and January 2024 were included. Patients were categorized into four groups by prior anti-TB treatment duration. Composite diagnostic criteria incorporating histopathology, microbiology, and treatment response were used as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance across lymph node stations and modalities was analyzed. Safety outcomes were also evaluated. The overall diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA based on composite criteria was 96.2%. Stratified analysis showed no statistically significant difference in diagnostic positivity among untreated (95.9%), 1-30 days (83.3%), 31-180 days (100%), and > 180 days (100%) groups (P = 0.42). Diagnostic yield was consistent across mediastinal, hilar, and combined lymph node stations (P = 0.289). Among diagnostic modalities, TB-DNA, histopathology TB-SPOT and sputum Xpert demonstrated high positivity rates. No major complications occurred; minor self-limited bleeding was observed in 15.4% of patients. EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective diagnostic tool for intrathoracic TBLA, with consistent performance in both treatment-naïve and pretreated patients, regardless of anti-TB therapy duration.

PMID 42286605
阅读全文 →
PubMedBMC pulmonary medicine2026-06-13

Incremental contribution of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid data to multidisciplinary discussion of interstitial lung disease.

Peixoto Bianca B, Graça Nadja Polisseni NP, Dos Reis Visconti Nina Rocha Godinho NRG, de Carvalho Bethlem Marcos M et al.

Multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) integrating clinical, radiological, and laboratory information is considered the reference standard for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis is recommended in several diagnostic algorithms, but its incremental contribution during multidisciplinary evaluation remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of BALF findings on diagnostic consensus and confidence during MDD for suspected ILD. In this cross-sectional study, patients with suspected ILD at a tertiary referral center who remained without a definitive diagnosis after clinical evaluation and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) underwent bronchoscopy with BALF collection (n = 29). Blinded pulmonologists and radiologists evaluated each case using a sequential four-step framework: (1) radiological assessment; (2) radiological assessment with clinical data; (3) multidisciplinary discussion without BALF information; and (4) multidisciplinary discussion including BALF results. Interobserver agreement was assessed using Fleiss' kappa, and diagnostic confidence was recorded at each stage. Diagnostic agreement increased across the sequential evaluation steps (Fleiss' κ: 0.056, 0.565, 0.905, and 0.965, respectively; p < 0.001). Consensus diagnoses were achieved in 24 cases after MDD without BALF and in 27 cases following incorporation of BALF findings. The proportion of evaluations with high diagnostic confidence (≥ 90%) increased from 3.4% before BALF availability to 20.7% after its inclusion. Within a multidisciplinary diagnostic framework for ILD, BALF information were associated with improved diagnostic consensus and increased clinician confidence. BALF may therefore serve as a complementary diagnostic tool in the multidisciplinary assessment of ILD, particularly in cases that remained uncertain after clinical and radiological evaluation.

PMID 42286572
阅读全文 →
PubMedCroatian medical journal2026-06-13

Artificial intelligence in pathology: a framework for preserving brain capital in the diagnostic apex.

Hart Steven N SN

To present a five-criterion calibration framework for evaluating artificial intelligence (AI) tools in pathology centered on preserving "brain capital" - the finite cognitive resources available to clinicians - and stabilizing the "diagnostic apex," the point where histological evidence meets clinical judgment. Using cognitive load theory (CLT) and implementation science, we developed the Pathology AI Diagnostic Balance - a conceptual model mapping the physician-specimen interaction within working memory and IT infrastructure constraints - and examined it in the context of peer-reviewed case studies of implemented pathology AI tools. The framework identifies five criteria: Contextual Literacy (integration of clinical history), Responsibility (preservation of signing authority), Evidence Gap Analysis (closure of diagnostic uncertainty), Verification (feasibility of quality control), and Opportunity Cost (return on cognitive investment). Successful tools, such as Ki-67 quantification and breast cancer screening, reduce cognitive burden by automating routine tasks or enabling rapid verification. Conversely, tools requiring an exhaustive re-review or producing opaque recommendations deplete cognitive bandwidth, causing decision fatigue and diagnostic errors. Pathologists are positioned to exercise evaluative authority over tools that increase extraneous cognitive load. Clinical expertise represents pathologists' most distinctive contribution to AI development: defining which failure modes matter clinically, what context an AI must integrate, and whether a tool serves patient care. By prioritizing cognitive sustainability over purely technical metrics, the profession can ensure AI functions as a genuine enhancement of diagnostic capability rather than an additional burden on diagnostic workflows.

PMID 42286907
阅读全文 →

注册免费账户还可查看另外 9996 篇文献

免费注册查看全部文献 →

了解更多pembrolizumab