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formoterol + fluticasone propionate (Abriff / Formoterol Combi / KRP108)

✓ Approved

Zambon · ADRB2 · 小分子

什么是 formoterol + fluticasone propionate？

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 是一种小分子，由Zambon研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Inhaled。

药物档案

商品名Abriff, Formoterol Combi, KRP108
公司Zambon
药物类别小分子
分子靶点ADRB2, NR3C1
给药途径Inhaled
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Zambon

作用机制

分子靶点

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 作用于 2 个分子靶点：

ADRB2adrenoceptor beta 2 (B2AR, ARB2)
NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

formoterol + fluticasone propionate 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthma✓ Approved
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersChronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePhase III

相关研究文献

PubMedThe Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma2026-06-13

Inhaled Corticosteroids Monotherapy in Childhood Asthma: Any Differential Response Rate between Activated and Prodrugs?

Majumder Poly P, Smyrnova Anna A, Ducharme Francine M FM

The efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as prodrugs (inactive at delivery) has been compared to activated ICS, in mean changes in lung function and symptoms, with limited evidence on achieving control. We aimed to compare the real-life success rate of two broad ICS types (prodrug and activated) to prevent poor asthma control and exacerbations in children with asthma. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 1-17 years, initiating a new maintenance ICS monotherapy at low or medium doses. Initiation referred to a new ICS (after ≥2-month washout) or a switch to another ICS type (prodrug or activated). Co-primary outcomes included: unsatisfactory asthma control, measured by the Pharmacoepidemiologic Pediatric Asthma Control Index, and occurrence of ≥1 severe exacerbation, in following 6 months. A propensity score (PS) weight-adjusted binary logistic regression compared outcomes between ICS types, reporting odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]. Of 213 participants (56% male, median age: 6.9 years), 194 were incident users and 19, switchers. Most (N = 148) children were prescribed an activated ICS (97.3% fluticasone propionate, 2.7% budesonide) and 65, an ICS prodrug (100% ciclesonide), 61% using low-dose ICS. The PS-adjusted odds of unsatisfactory asthma control were significantly higher in the prodrug than activated ICS groups (adjOR: 2.35 [95% CI: 1.46-3.81]), with no significant group difference in severe exacerbations (adjOR: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.49-1.72]). Compared to activated ICS, children initiating a prodrug were two-fold more likely to display unsatisfactory control, with no significant difference nor equivalence in likelihood of severe exacerbations.

PMID 42286870
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PubMedBMC psychiatry2026-06-13

Circulating propionate and butyrate are associated with metabolic improvements following probiotic and dietary fiber supplementation in patients on antipsychotics: a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Xiao Jingmei J, Liu Chenchen C, Shao Tiannan T, Kang Dongyu D et al.

Second-generation antipsychotics, a cornerstone of psychiatric disorder management, render treated patients highly prone to metabolic abnormalities. To address this unmet clinical need, this post-hoc analysis drew on data from a previous trial to examine the correlations between plasma short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level alterations and metabolic changes in the context of probiotic-fiber intervention. In this trial, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, who were undergoing stable atypical antipsychotic therapy, were recruited for this study. They were subsequently randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to four treatment groups: combined probiotics (1680 mg/d) and dietary fiber (60 g/d); probiotics (1680 mg/d) with dietary fiber placebo; dietary fiber (60 g/d) with probiotics placebo; and double placebo (probiotics placebo plus dietary fiber placebo). Assessments were conducted at screening/baseline, week 4, and week 12, and the measurement of circulating SCFAs was performed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The analysis, employing the last-observation-carried-forward method, encompassed 79 participants who provided at least one follow-up plasma sample for the quantification of SCFAs. The 12-week combined administration of probiotics and dietary fiber was associated with changes in circulating levels of SCFAs and improvements in metabolic indices. More importantly, the higher levels of propionate were associated with decreased weight (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.61 per quartile increase, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.96) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (adjusted OR:0.58, 95% CI: 0.36-0.94). Also, the higher levels of butyrate were associated with a 42% lower odds (adjusted OR: 0.58, 95%CI:0.36-0.93) of elevated body mass index (BMI) and a 49% lower odds (adjusted OR: 0.51, 95%CI:0.31-0.86) of elevated insulin levels. The findings of this study suggested that elevated circulating levels of butyrate and propionate might be associated with reduced weight gain and improved insulin resistance in individuals receiving antipsychotic medications. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03379597, trial registration date: 11/29/2017. Overall Recruitment Status: completed.

PMID 42286534
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PubMedMicrobiome2026-06-13

Dietary inclusion of Asparagopsis taxiformis significantly reduces methane emissions in dairy cows by mechanistically altering vitamin B12-dependent and other methanogenesis precursor pathways.

Lawther Katie K, Dimonaco Nicholas J NJ, Donnelly Paul P, Guinguina Abdulai A et al.

Ruminant products are widely consumed due to their high protein and micronutrient content, but ruminant production contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, with methane (CH₄) accounting for 33% of anthropogenic emissions. CH₄ is generated via fermentative processes by the rumen microbiome, primarily through hydrogen utilisation by methanogenic archaea. Feeding beef cattle the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis (ASP) has been shown to reduce CH₄ emissions by up to 80%. However, the microbial mechanisms underlying this reduction remain poorly understood. In this study, Nordic Red dairy cows (122 ± 13.7 days in milk) were fed grass silage and concentrate (60:40 dry matter basis) either with or without 0.5% ASP (organic matter basis) in a Latin square design, and rumen fluid was collected 19 days into each of the 3 experimental periods. ASP supplementation reduced CH₄ yield by 54% (g CH₄/kg DM). Metagenomic analysis revealed genes encoding pyruvate and propionate production pathways were more abundant in ASP treated animals, while those associated with acetate and CH₄ were reduced. Additionally, genes encoding vitamin B12 biosynthesis enzymes showed reduced abundances (e.g., adenosylcobinamide-GDP ribazoletransferase, EC 2.7.8.26, -29.92%). Vitamin B12 and its related cofactors are critical for methanogenic methyltransferases and C1 metabolism. Dominant taxa including Prevotella and Methanobrevibacter declined, while less abundant taxa increased their contribution to methane-related pathways, indicating niche displacement and community restructuring. CONCLUSION : ASP supplementation modulates the rumen microbiome through mechanisms extending beyond direct methanogen inhibition. The reduced abundance of genes involved in C1 metabolism and vitamin B12-dependent methanogenic processes suggest methane suppression is linked to broader restructuring of microbial metabolic networks. The redistribution of methane-related functions from dominant taxa to a wider taxonomic community indicates ecological reorganisation and functional resilience of the rumen microbiome. Collectively, these results reveal the multiple modes of action of ASP, establishing its promise as an effective methane mitigation strategy. Video Abstract.

PMID 42286668
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PubMedJournal of dairy science2026-06-13

The effect of the type of protein supplementation on splanchnic and mammary metabolism of dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets.

Roy C C, Ouellet D R DR, Pellerin D D, Lapierre H H

The current experiment studied 2 situations proposed to lead to decreased milk protein yield (MPY). First, NRC (2001) predicts that substitution of soybean meal (SBM) by canola meal (CM) decreases MP supply, thereby negatively affecting MPY. Second, excess RDP supply has a negative effect on post-liver AA supply, and hence, on MPY. These 2 potentially negative situations were tested through 1) substitution of SBM by CM in a grass-silage based diet, and 2) with an excess RDP supply added to a CM-grass silage-based diet, in 6 multiparous multicatheterized Holstein cows. Using a double 3 × 3 Latin square, balanced for residual effects, with 3 21-d periods, each cow was offered a fixed amount of 3 grass silage-based diets, including the following protein sources: 1) SBM (SBM_diet; 14.5% DM); 2) canola meal (CM_diet; 21.1% DM); or 3) CM_diet plus 12 g of urea/kg DM (CMU_diet) on MPY and trans-organ net fluxes of nutrients. The SBM_diet was balanced to meet MP, RDP and NEL requirements (NRC, 2001). The CM_diet was balanced to be iso-N and iso-NEL with the SBM_diet (NRC, 2001). The SBM_diet and CM_diet provided sufficient RDP whereas the CMU_diet supplied a large excess of RDP. On the last 4 d of each period, DMI and milk production and composition were determined. On the last 3 d (2 cows per d), 6 blood samples were collected from arterial, portal, hepatic and mammary vessels plus 3 spot samples of feces and urine. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS, and pre-planned contrasts were used to compare CM_diet to SBM_diet and CM_diet to CMU_diet. Despite lower estimated MP supply with CM_diet vs. SBM_diet (2591 vs. 2779 g/d), milk true protein yield tended to be higher in CM_diet than in SBM_diet. The CM_diet also tended to increase the efficiency of N utilization and to decrease the proportion of urinary urea-N relative to total N compared with SBM_diet. Of the EAA, only Met arterial concentration tended to increase with CM_diet compared with SBM_diet; however trans-organ net fluxes across the splanchnic tissues and the mammary gland were not affected. The net portal appearance of propionate tended to be greater in CM_diet than in SBM_diet. None of the net flux measurements supports the lower NRC (2001) predictions of MP and energy supply when CM substitutes SBM, indicating that CM is an adequate protein source in dairy ration. On the other hand, excess RDP supply decreased the efficiency of N utilization, increased plasma urea-N concentration, urinary urea-N excretion, in agreement with increased net portal absorption of ammonia, and hepatic and splanchnic release of urea-N. Although excess of RDP increased hepatic removal of ammonia, it did not affect hepatic removal of EAA and therefore, did not negatively impact milk and MPY. Therefore, although RDP supply was progressively increased to be 40% higher than recommended, this level of excess supply had no effect on net liver removal and TSP net flux of EAA, so that elevated rumen-derived ammonia production incurs no penalty on EAA availability and animal performance.

PMID 42285490
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PubMedInternational journal of molecular sciences2026-06-12

Sustainable Synthesis of Calcium Propionate from Cockle Shell Biowaste for Food Additive Production.

Seangarun Chaowared C, Boonchom Banjong B, Seesanong Somkiat S, Boonmee Wimonmat W et al.

Calcium propionate (Ca(CH3CH2COO)2) was successfully synthesized from cockle shell biowaste through a reaction with propionic acid at concentrations of 80%, 90%, and 99%, valorizing seafood processing biowaste as a renewable calcium source in support of circular economy principles. The synthesis was conducted at ambient temperature with a fixed CaCO3: propionic acid molar ratio of 1:2, enabling rapid reaction completion without external heating or complex purification steps. The prepared samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM techniques, which confirmed the formation of calcium propionate monohydrate (Ca(CH3CH2COO)2·H2O), while XRF confirmed more than 97 wt% CaO across all samples with non-toxic impurities corresponding to compositional requirements for food additive calcium propionate (E282). The sample prepared using 80% propionic acid exhibited the highest yield (90.24%) and soluble percentage (98.23%). The proposed approach demonstrates an effective valorization of cockle shell waste into a food additive, calcium propionate, offering advantages in terms of sustainability, cost efficiency, and scalability, and highlighting its strong potential for industrial food additive production within a circular economy framework.

PMID 42278480
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PubMedInternational journal of molecular sciences2026-06-12

A Kidney-Microbiome Short- and Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Loop Mediated by OAT1: Implications for the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory.

Ermakov Vladimir S VS, Falah Kian K, Nigam Sanjay K SK

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) include small organic anions derived from the gut microbiome that interact with organic anion transporters of the SLC22 family, many of which are expressed in the kidney proximal tubule. According to the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory (RSST), crosstalk between organs (e.g., gut-liver-kidney axis, gut-brain axis) and the gut microbiome is mediated by metabolites and signaling molecules transported by multi-specific "drug" transporters. The renal drug transporter OAT1 (SLC22A6) is also a major transporter of gut-microbiome products and uremic toxins (e.g., indoxyl sulfate); it has been shown to act as part of a regulatory feedback loop involving the gut microbiome. SCFAs, especially propionate and butyrate, have been shown to play a central role in the transcriptional regulation of OAT1 through HDAC inhibition. By fecal metagenomics analyses of Oat1 knockout mice, we now find that propionate synthesis is among the most altered pathways in the gut microbiome. In contrast, these pathways were only minimally altered in the Oat3 (Slc22a8) knockout. Metabolomics analyses indicate that serum propionate derivatives (e.g., propionyl glycine) and 3-hydroxybutyrate are dependent on OAT1 in the knockout mice and in humans treated with probenecid, an OAT1 inhibitor. The gut microbiome of the Oat1 knockout mice also exhibited greater fatty acid synthesis, which generates odd-chain-length fatty acids (e.g. heptanoate) when propionate is available. Overall, the data, especially when considered in light of in vitro experiments of others, indicates the in vivo existence of a feedback loop connecting gut-microbiome-derived SCFAs and MCFAs to kidney proximal tubule uptake via OAT1. This bidirectional feedback loop in turn regulates OAT1 expression through HDAC inhibition. The feedback loop is clearly consistent with the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory-in particular, the centrality of multi-specific "drug" transporters in organ crosstalk and host-microbiome interactions via small molecules with "high information content." The key role of OAT1 function in maintaining tubular secretion in CKD supports the importance of this RSST loop in renal pathophysiology. Modulating this RSST loop could have therapeutic value in chronic kidney disease and other contexts.

PMID 42278475
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