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rabies vaccine

✓ Approved

China National Biotec Group · 疫苗 · 疫苗

什么是 rabies vaccine？

rabies vaccine 是一种疫苗，由China National Biotec Group研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Injectable (Others)、Intramuscular (IM) Injection。

药物档案

公司China National Biotec Group
药物类别疫苗
给药途径Injectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Biotec Group

治疗适应症

rabies vaccine 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Infections and infestationsRabies✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedFrontiers in global women's health2026-08-05

Awareness, factual knowledge, attitudes, and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among adult women in Palestine: a cross-sectional study.

Amro Alhareth M AM, Safadi Leen M LM, Fahoum Shahd R SR, Deeb Salahaldeen S et al.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major preventable cause of cervical cancer, yet awareness and uptake of HPV vaccination remain suboptimal in many settings. Evidence regarding women's HPV-related awareness, factual knowledge, and vaccine acceptability in Palestine remains limited. This study assessed awareness, factual knowledge, attitudes, self-reported uptake, willingness, and perceived barriers related to HPV infection and HPV vaccination among adult women in Palestine. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between October 2025 and February 2026 among women aged ≥18 years residing in Palestine. The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, HPV and HPV vaccine awareness, factual knowledge, attitudes, vaccine uptake, willingness to receive or recommend vaccination, and perceived barriers. A 12-item factual knowledge score was calculated, and higher factual knowledge was defined as ≥7 correct responses. Descriptive statistics, subgroup analyses, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Among 424 adult women included in the final analysis, 220 (51.9%) had heard of HPV and 146 (34.4%) had heard of the HPV vaccine. The mean factual knowledge score was 4.03 ± 2.72 out of 12, and 90 participants (21.2%) had higher factual knowledge. Self-reported HPV vaccine uptake was low (13.0%), whereas willingness to receive the vaccine was higher (55.2%). Lack of awareness (55.8%) and concern about vaccine safety (22.8%) were the most frequently reported barriers among unvaccinated women. In expanded adjusted analyses, prior HPV awareness, prior HPV vaccine awareness, and more supportive HPV-vaccination attitudes were independently associated with higher factual knowledge. Higher factual knowledge and supportive attitudes were associated with self-reported vaccine uptake, while willingness among unvaccinated women was most strongly associated with supportive vaccination attitudes. Adult women in Palestine demonstrated limited HPV-related awareness and low factual knowledge, together with low self-reported HPV vaccine uptake. The gap between willingness and uptake, combined with the predominance of awareness and safety concerns as reported barriers, suggests a need for culturally appropriate education, provider-led counseling, and improved access to reliable HPV vaccine information. Findings should be interpreted cautiously given the cross-sectional design and online convenience sampling.

PMID 42553322
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PubMedClinical kidney journal2026-08-05

Lipid parameters but not inflammatory indices predict hepatitis B vaccine responses in hemodialysis patients.

Ekici Hilal H, Mirza Arzu A, Baltacı Sevgi S, Eren Davut D et al.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is essential in hemodialysis (HD) populations, yet seroprotection remains suboptimal. Inflammation-related hematologic indices are frequently used in clinical practice, but their ability to predict HBV vaccine response in HD patients is uncertain. We evaluated clinical and laboratory determinants of HBV vaccine response, with a focus on lipid-derived indices and inflammatory ratios. In this multicenter retrospective study, adult HD patients followed between 2015 and 2025 who received at least three doses of HBV vaccine and had available anti-HBs measurements were included (n = 341). Vaccine response was defined as anti-HBs ≥10 IU/L; non-response as <10 IU/L. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), and lipid ratios (TG/HDL, TC/HDL, LDL/HDL) were calculated. Additional analyses using percentile-based categorization of NPAR confirmed the absence of a significant association with vaccine response. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. After the primary vaccination series, seroprotection was 77.4% and increased to 88.6% after revaccination/boosters; it declined to 78.3% at 1 year and 69.2% at 2 years. Non-responders were older and had higher triglyceride levels and lower HDL cholesterol levels. In contrast, inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, MLR, and NPAR) did not differ significantly between groups. These indices also demonstrated limited discriminative ability for predicting vaccine response. In multivariable analysis, HDL cholesterol remained positively associated with vaccine response [odds ratio (OR): 1.046, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.006-1.086, P = .022], and triglyceride levels were negatively associated with vaccine response (OR: 0.992, 95% CI: 0.984-0.999, P = .024). The TG/HDL ratio showed borderline statistical significance (OR: 1.235, 95% CI: 0.983-1.551, P = .070), suggesting a potential but limited contribution to vaccine response prediction. In HD patients, hematologic inflammatory indices were not informative for HBV vaccine response, whereas an atherogenic lipid profile-particularly lower HDL and higher triglycerides-showed a consistent association. Lipid parameters may support risk stratification and tailored post-vaccination monitoring strategies.

PMID 42553896
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PubMedInternal medicine journal2026-08-05

Critical role of vaccination in preventing severe coronavirus disease 2019: perspectives from clinical outcomes in an Australian kidney transplant recipient cohort.

Tharmaraj Dhakshayini D, Naidu Paayal P, Baptista Mohana M, McBride Sarah S et al.

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) disproportionately experience severe COVID-19 infections. We previously identified concern regarding vaccine-induced rejection as a barrier to vaccine uptake. This study assesses COVID-19 vaccine uptake, infection outcomes and allograft rejection in KTRs during the delta and omicron waves (BA.1/BA.2). This cohort study included all adult KTRs with a functioning allograft at 22 March 2021 at our centre. KTR and vaccination-related risk factors for the primary outcome of severe COVID-19 infection (requiring hospitalisation) and the secondary outcomes of death and all COVID-19 infections were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Rejection risk following infection/vaccination was also assessed. Of the 986 included KTRs, there were 333 (33.8%) COVID-19 infections, 79 (23.7%) severe infections and 13 deaths (n = 13/333, 3.9%). Vaccine number was the most significant modifiable predictor of severe infection (adjusted hazards ratio, per additional dose, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.65, P < 0.001) and death. While older age also predicted severe infection and death, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, history of diabetes and previous allograft rejection predicted severe infection. Male gender was the only predictor of all infections. Mycophenolate dose, prednisolone use and vaccine type did not predict infection or severe disease. Infections and vaccinations did not increase the risk of rejection. KTRs should be encouraged to be optimally vaccinated to prevent severe disease and can be reassured about the low risk of allograft rejection. Risk factors that compound the state of immunocompromise and severe COVID-19 infections should prompt vigilance and targeted interventions to mitigate these risks.

PMID 42554002
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PubMedTropical medicine and health2026-08-05

Advanced statistical approaches in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment outcomes in Africa: a systematic review.

Okesanya Olalekan John OJ, Oso Tolutope Adebimpe TA, Amisu Blessing Olawunmi BO, Abdullahi Yakub Burhan YB et al.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge in Africa; however, conventional statistical approaches often fail to capture diagnostic uncertainty, spatial heterogeneity, and complex disease dynamics, limiting evidence-based decision-making. This review synthesizes the application and performance of advanced statistical and computational methods for TB diagnosis and treatment outcomes in Africa. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed and Scopus for peer-reviewed studies (2010-2025) conducted in Africa that applied advanced methods, including Bayesian models, machine learning (ML) algorithms, spatiotemporal analyses, time-series models, and multistate or survival frameworks. Study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal were independently conducted by multiple reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Findings were synthesized narratively because of substantial methodological heterogeneity. Twenty-seven studies from nine African countries were included. Bayesian hierarchical, geostatistical, and latent class models improved estimation of TB incidence, mortality, and diagnostic accuracy by accounting for uncertainty, imperfect reference standards, and sparse data. Spatiotemporal analyses consistently identified geographic TB and TB-HIV hotspots linked to low Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine coverage, illiteracy, and urban crowding as risk factors. Time-series models quantified the significant decline in TB notifications during the COVID-19 disruptions. ML approaches, particularly random forests, outperformed traditional regression in predicting latent TB infection and treatment outcomes. Drug resistance, notably to bedaquiline and levofloxacin, showed clear spatial clustering and dynamic progression patterns. Advanced statistical and computational methods are increasingly improving TB diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment insights in Africa by capturing complex patterns beyond classical models, but their broader impact is limited by data gaps, heterogeneity, and insufficient validation, highlighting the need for high-quality, multi-country research and stronger implementation frameworks. CRD420251160248.

PMID 42552557
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PubMedImmunological reviews2026-08-05

The TG2/LRP1 Pathway for T Cell Activation by Post-Translationally Modified Antigens.

Sewa Agnele Sylvia AS, Yang Fu-Chen FC, Khosla Chaitan C

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) can generate neo-epitopes, modified peptides that evade immune tolerance and trigger immune responses. This review focuses on the TG2/LRP1 pathway as a new paradigm for coupling the formation of post-translationally modified peptides with their effective presentation as T-cell antigens by dendritic cells. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) catalyzes the Gln → Glu conversion of specific residues in peptides derived from dietary gluten thereby enhancing their affinity for HLA-DQ2, the principal genetic determinant of celiac disease. However, because such modified peptides are scarce in intestinal mucosa, an effective mechanism for lysosomal uptake by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is necessary. Protein-protein interaction between certain peptide-bound TG2 complexes and the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) results in efficient endocytosis of these antigenic peptides along with their concomitant release in the endo-lysosomal compartment as deamidated products. An analogous PTM-driven mechanism for antigen presentation may also operate in autoimmune conditions associated with peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) activity, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The exquisite cellular selectivity of the TG2/LRP1 pathway has implications not only for understanding its role in autoimmunity but also for its potential exploitation in vaccine design.

PMID 42552594
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PubMedPLoS computational biology2026-08-05

Quantifying the impact of vaccination on pertussis dynamics in Sweden.

Brett Tobias S TS, Tredennick Andrew A, Briga Michael M, Coudeville Laurent L et al.

The last few decades have witnessed a resurgence in pertussis notifications in a number of countries with high vaccine coverage, including Sweden. The underlying causes of the resurgence have been the subject of much scientific debate. To arbitrate among the putative drivers of the resurgence in Sweden, we formulated a mechanistic transmission model which we fit to age-structured time-series notifications data via likelihood maximisation. Given our model, we find the data are best explained by the combined effects of a low basic reproductive number, incomplete (leaky) DTaP-derived immunity, a much lower reporting probability of infections in older individuals and waning of vaccine-derived immunity. In addition, our modelling explains the post-2014 resurgence as a combination of two factors. First, a dynamical transient known as the honeymoon effect, in which a rebound in transmission follows after a rapid decrease in the average population susceptibility. Second, an increase in the infection reporting probability from 2014 onwards, likely due to the use of new laboratory testing methods. Additionally, we used our fitted transmission model to reconstruct indirect protective effects of vaccination. Our results suggest immunization prevents about 50% of potential infections in individuals too young to receive vaccination. However, our statistical inference demonstrates that pertussis elimination is not possible with routine immunization using acellular vaccines due to the combined effects of vaccine leakiness and waning immunity.

PMID 42550879
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