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oxcarbazepine (SPN604 / SPN 804 / oxcarbazepine ER)

✓ Approved

Aequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · SCN1A · 小分子

什么是 oxcarbazepine？

oxcarbazepine 是一种小分子，由Aequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名SPN604, SPN 804, oxcarbazepine ER
公司Aequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
药物类别小分子
分子靶点SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN3A
给药途径Oral (PO)
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Aequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

作用机制

分子靶点

oxcarbazepine 作用于 3 个分子靶点：

SCN1Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 (DEE6B, FEB3)
SCN2Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 (Na(v)1.2, BFNIS)
SCN3Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 3 (Nav1.3, NAC3)
需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

oxcarbazepine 针对 2 个适应症，涉及 2 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Nervous system disordersPartial seizures✓ Approved
Psychiatric disordersBipolar disorderPhase III

相关研究文献

PubMedPractical neurology2026-06-12

Antiseizure medication-induced hyponatraemia.

Vecchio Guglielmo G, Alvares Debie D, Shipman Kate K, Aram Julia J

Hyponatraemia is a well-documented side effect of antiseizure medication (ASM). Its management involves balancing the risks of untreated hyponatraemia against the risks of upsetting seizure control by altering the ASM. The first consideration is to exclude other causes of hyponatraemia. The management should be informed by the degree of hyponatraemia, the severity of symptoms and the patient's preference. Management options include conservative treatment; active sodium correction, such as through fluid restriction and stopping medications other than ASM that could be associated with hyponatraemia, where possible; ASM regimen changes might include reducing the dose or switching ASM. ASMs vary in their tendency to induce hyponatraemia-oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine have the highest risk-which is important to consider when switching to an alternative ASM.

PMID 42276579
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PubMedSeizure2026-06-11

Genetic analysis of self-limiting familial infantile epilepsy caused by PRRT2 variants in Indian patients.

Sampath Revathi R, Somanna Prabhakara P, Gowda Vykuntaraju K VK, Kolandaswamy Anbazhagan A et al.

Self-limiting familial infantile epilepsy (SeLFIE) is an epilepsy syndrome characterized by recurrent focal motor seizures. It follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of SeLFIE are associated with the PRRT2 gene, with the most common mutation being the frameshift variant c.649dupC. This study broadens the mutation spectrum of PRRT2 associated with SeLFIE. To analyze the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of SeLFIE in relation to PRRT2 gene variants. A cohort of fifteen pediatric probands diagnosed with SeLFIE was clinically evaluated and genetically screened for PRRT2 mutations using Sanger sequencing. Pathogenicity of the variants was classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Twelve out of fifteen patients (80%) harbored the common hotspot frameshift mutation c.649dupC (p.Arg217Profs*8) in the PRRT2 gene. Three exhibited different PRRT2 gene variants, including a frameshift c.649delC (p.Arg217Glufs*12), a missense c.696C>G (p.His232Gln), and a nonsense variant c.649C>T (p.Arg217*). Initially, all patients were treated with either sodium channel blockers or in combination with other antiseizure medications like levetiracetam/sodium valproate. Later, changed to sodium channel blockers (oxcarbazepine, phenytoin or carbamazepine) in all cases and achieved seizure-free status in all the patients. Our study findings broaden the variant spectrum of PRRT2 in SeLFIE, while oxcarbazepine remains highly effective treatment for seizure control. Early-stage genetic analysis plays a crucial role in minimizing unnecessary diagnostic procedures and in guiding more effective disease management in SeLFIE patients.

PMID 42269415
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PubMedFrontiers in pediatrics2026-06-08

Case Report: Epileptic phenotype in a patient with a MARK2 variant: the first detailed description and review of the literature.

Lee Jin Sook JS, Kang You Min YM, Kim Yeseul Y, Kim Young Ok YO et al.

The gene encoding microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 (MARK2) has recently been implicated in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although seizures have been reported in 46.4% of a small cohort, detailed information regarding seizure phenotypes and longitudinal progression remains scarce. We present a case of MARK2-related epilepsy and review previously reported cases in the literature. An 11-year-old male patient with ASD carrying a heterozygous pathogenic variant (c.888 + 1G > A) in MARK2 gene experienced his first nocturnal tonic seizure at 5 years 11 months. Recurrent nocturnal focal impaired-consciousness seizures were accompanied by left temporal sharp waves on EEG, and episodes of focal status epilepticus were also noted. Oxcarbazepine provided only partial benefit, whereas perampanel effectively reduced nocturnal seizures and improved sleep initiation. He has remained seizure-free since 9 years 9 months on combined therapy. In our literature review, no prior reports described longitudinal changes in seizure manifestations, EEG evolution, or treatment response. EEG abnormalities were noted in 72.7% of patients (8/11), with focal epileptiform discharges being the most common finding (N = 5). No major structural abnormalities were identified on brain MRI. This case provides the first detailed clinical description of MARK2-related epilepsy, characterized by focal seizures responsive to antiseizure medication.

PMID 42255910
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PubMedPakistan journal of medical sciences2026-06-08

Drug-Induced Hyponatremia Surveillance: A disproportionality analysis based on FAERs database.

Xi Xin X, Bai Zhanfeng Z, Liu Songqing S, Dong Jie J

Mining the risk signals of drug-induced hyponatremia by the United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database, to provide reference for clinical safe medication. Adverse drug events related to drug induced hyponatremia were analyzed by disproportionality analysis using the FAERS data between 2004 to 2023 were downloaded (https://fis.fda.gov/extensions/FPD-QDE-FAERS/FPD-QDE-FAERS.html). A total of 1,306 drugs with identifiable risk signals were associated with Hyponatremia. Five drugs demonstrated the highest cases counts: furosemide (n=1,560), hydrochlorothiazide (n=1049), sertraline (n=899), omeprazole(n=864), citalopram (n=738). The pharmacovigilance analysis identified five substances exhibiting the strongest association signals: indapamide (ROR=91.46, 95% CI 83.38-100.32), hydrochlorothiazide (ROR=46.79, 95% CI 43.96-49.81), desmopressin (ROR=34.08, 95% CI 31.49-36.89), oxcarbazepine (ROR=24.47, 95% CI 22.72-26.37), and furosemide (ROR=24.11, 95% CI 22.91-25.37). Nivolumab (36.92%), bortezomib (30.58%), and zoledronic (29.36%) exhibited the highest proportional occurrence of target adverse events involving fatal or life-threatening outcomes. Additionally, clinical information about Drug-induced hyponatremia is absent from the Summary of Product Characteristics of 10 drugs in our study. We provide a list of drugs with risk signals for Hyponatremia. In clinical practice, it is helpful to identify the culprit drug early, and prevent it from further aggravation into a serious condition.

PMID 42257098
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PubMedThe mental health clinician2026-06-04

Utilization of adjunctive anti-seizure medications to facilitate chronic benzodiazepine discontinuation.

Dueno Michael R MR, Howington Gavin T GT, Ryan Melody M

When discontinuing benzodiazepines, treating withdrawal symptoms can be challenging. Some anti-seizure medications (ASM) may mitigate withdrawal symptoms. This article reviews the literature regarding adjunctive ASM use during benzodiazepine tapering and discontinuation. A PubMed search focusing on the use of ASMs as adjunctive agents to mitigate benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms was conducted. Key search teams identified relevant articles, and the references of included articles were evaluated to identify potential additional publications for inclusion. In total, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 44 articles were excluded for various reasons. Several clinical trials, observational studies, case reports, and case series were identified. Carbamazepine was more effective than placebo at 3 months (74% benzodiazepine free vs 52% for placebo). Oxcarbazepine enabled successful rapid detoxification with minimal withdrawal symptoms in a small, noncontrolled study. Valproate, pregabalin, and gabapentin showed improvements in benzodiazepine-free rates, but the results were inconsistent. Evidence for ASM in benzodiazepine withdrawal is limited, emphasizing the need for provider discretion. Additional larger clinical trials are warranted to identify optimal agents to mitigate withdrawal symptoms and enhance successful benzodiazepine cessation.

PMID 42239832
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PubMedEpilepsia2026-05-29

Maternal and umbilical cord plasma concentrations of antiseizure medications: Results from the observational MONEAD study.

Avachat Charul C, Meador Kimford J KJ, Pennell Page B PB, Birnbaum Angela K AK et al.

Unanticipated changes in antiseizure medication (ASM) exposure can lead to subtherapeutic or toxic medication concentrations in the mother and unnecessary drug exposure for the fetus. The objectives of this study were to characterize ASM concentrations in mother's and cord blood at delivery in women with epilepsy (PWWE). The analysis included PWWE (aged 14-45 years) from the Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs study who were on ASM monotherapy or polytherapy at delivery. Women with an intelligence quotient < 70, major medical illness, substance use, and poor treatment adherence were excluded. Blood samples were collected from the mother and umbilical cord on the day of delivery. The ratio of umbilical cord to maternal plasma concentration at birth was used as a measure of fetal in utero exposure. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the degree of correlation between ASM maternal and cord plasma concentrations. A p-value of <.05 was deemed to be significant. Data from 207 infants included eight pairs of twins (104 females and 103 males) born to 199 women (140 on monotherapy and 59 on polytherapy), yielding 305 paired maternal and umbilical cord ASM concentrations. Significant correlation was observed between umbilical cord and maternal plasma concentrations for total and unbound carbamazepine, total and unbound carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, total and unbound oxcarbazepine, and zonisamide. The mean ratios (SD) of umbilical cord plasma concentration to maternal plasma concentration were as follows: carbamazepine = .84 (.18), unbound carbamazepine = 1.15 (.47), carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide = .87 (.18), unbound carbamazepine epoxide = 1.17 (.36), gabapentin = 1.56 (.28), lacosamide = .96 (.29), levetiracetam = 1.1 (.53), lamotrigine = .92 (.26), oxcarbazepine = 1.01 (.22), unbound oxcarbazepine = 1.1 (.46), topiramate = .98 (.38), valproic acid = 1.03 (.85), unbound valproic acid = .73 (.74), and zonisamide = .93 (.12). Umbilical cord to maternal ASM concentration ratios were close to 1.0, indicating placental passage of ASMs. Gabapentin had the highest ratio, suggesting possible accumulation of drug. Additional studies are needed for infrequently prescribed ASMs.

PMID 42207607
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