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adjuvants (ImmuMax / ImmuMax SR / adjuvants, Repros)

✓ Approved

Repros Therapeutics Inc. · 小分子 · 小分子

什么是 adjuvants？

adjuvants 是一种小分子，由Repros Therapeutics Inc.研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Unknown。

药物档案

商品名ImmuMax, ImmuMax SR, adjuvants, Repros
公司Repros Therapeutics Inc.
药物类别小分子
给药途径Unknown
状态Approved
来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Repros Therapeutics Inc.

治疗适应症

adjuvants 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域疾病/病症分期
Surgical and medical proceduresOral appliance application✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedDevelopmental and comparative immunology2026-08-06

Innate Immune Response of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) to Oil-Based and Water-Soluble Adjuvants.

Joy Chukwu-Osazuwa CO, Valderrama Katherine K, Cao Trung T, Vasquez Ignacio I et al.

Adjuvants play a key role in boosting vaccine effectiveness. Adjuvant type and composition influence immune response, which can vary across fish species and populations. This study investigates the innate immune response of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) individuals collected from Newfoundland (NL), Canada, and Iceland (IC) to oil-based and water-soluble adjuvants, respectively. Fish were intraperitoneally injected with Carbigen (a carbomer-based adjuvant), Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA), or Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS). Head kidney samples were collected at 24 h post-injection (hpi) for RNA sequencing and qPCR analysis. At 24 hpi, Carbigen triggered a significantly higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs 594) compared to FIA-treated fish (DEGs 14). Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicated dysregulation of cytokine signaling and pathogen recognition. The genes ccl25a, il34, il10, vwal1, and serpinf2b for Carbigen treatments, and ccl20b, cd22, il6r, atp2a1l, and il8b for FIA treatments were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). These genes were either up- or downregulated in both Carbigen and FIA treatments at 24 hpi, compared to the PBS control. The gene expression pattern was different between NL and IC lumpfish. NL lumpfish showed a stronger transcript level response to adjuvants than IC. This suggests underlying immunogenetic variation, possibly shaped by distinct environmental pressures in their native habitats. Overall, the study highlights the potential of a water-soluble vs oil-based adjuvant to effectively stimulate innate immune responses in teleost fish for aquaculture applications.

PMID 42556659
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PubMedInternational journal of obstetric anesthesia2026-08-06

Reducing practice variability in obstetric anesthesia through a structured, team-based implementation strategy: a quality improvement study.

Soares Eliane Cristina de Souza ECS, Figueiredo Paulo Carvalho Pimenta PCP, Camargos Felipe Ribeiro da Silva FRDS, Carneiro Fabiano Soares FS et al.

Practice variability in obstetric anesthesia remains common despite evidence-based recommendations, and standardizing care may be challenging in clinical practice settings. We hypothesized that a peer-led implementation process grounded in Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology (SOAP) Centers of Excellence benchmarks recommendations, combining structured weekly meetings and a co-authored digital reference tool, could achieve clinically meaningful reductions in self-reported practice variability within a newly established obstetric anesthesia team. This prospective quality improvement project was conducted in a tertiary-care private hospital in Brazil between February and December 2025, with 21 anesthesiologists providing obstetric anesthesia care. This implementation project comprised five steps, including weekly peer-led meetings to build consensus on institutional practice and address components identified as having the highest pre-intervention variability. These were identified to be the spinal needle used for cesarean delivery, neuraxial labor analgesia technique and solutions, intrathecal adjuvants for cesarean delivery, and vasopressor strategy for spinal-induced hypotension. After selecting these four practices for the intervention, a digital pocket guide was developed. A 20-question survey collecting self-reported practice changes was distributed post-intervention, and the primary outcome was self-reported adoption of team-agreed clinical practices. The response rate to the survey was 76.2%. Complete adoption was reported for spinal needle selection, labor analgesia solution, and intrathecal adjuvants for cesarean delivery. Programmed intermittent epidural bolus analgesia use increased from 6.25% to 93.75%, and prophylactic norepinephrine infusion was adopted by 93.75%. Residual barriers included technical confidence, interprofessional resistance, and logistical difficulty. This quality improvement initiative achieved near-complete self-reported practice standardization within 10 months at minimal cost, offering a reproducible template for translating SOAP recommendations into institutional practice.

PMID 42556085
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PubMedSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026-08-06

NIR-Assisted Multimodal Strategies for Enhanced Antibacterial Therapy.

Fang Mei M, Gao Shu S, Wang Jun J, Ma Yongxin Y et al.

Bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens and biofilm formation, have significantly undermined the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, highlighting the urgent need for novel antibacterial strategies. NIR-driven photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapies (PDT) have emerged as promising non-antibiotic approaches due to their noninvasive nature and precise spatiotemporal controllability. However, single-modality NIR treatments remain constrained by potential thermal damage to healthy tissues and reduced efficacy within the infection microenvironment. To address these limitations, researchers have developed NIR-mediated multimodal strategies that integrate complementary mechanisms for synergistic antimicrobial effects. Despite increasing studies, a systematic overview of NIR-based synergistic antibacterial strategies remains lacking. This review provides the first comprehensive focus on the combined application of NIR-mediated PTT/PDT with gas therapy (GT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), immunotherapy, antibiotic adjuvants, and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). We summarize recent advances, discuss how these approaches overcome resistance, disrupt biofilm barriers, enhance antibacterial efficiency, and promote wound healing, and highlight the current challenges and prospects for clinical translation in this rapidly evolving field.

PMID 42560666
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PubMedAdvances in food and nutrition research2026-08-06

Pectins and modified pectins: Bridging food technology and human health innovations.

Nascimento Karen Rebouças KR, da Silva Pedro Brivaldo Viana PBV, Soares Caroline Giacomelli CG, Modesto Ana Caroline de Melo ACM et al.

Pectins are a family of plant polysaccharides with complex structures whose significance extends beyond their established function as food texture modifiers. These compounds are directly relevant to human health, and their impact is influenced by structural diversity. The chemical composition of pectins varies according to botanical origin and is shaped by extraction and modification processes. Such structural differences determine both technological functionality and a range of bioactive properties, establishing pectins as potent dietary fibers with systemic health effects. Modified pectins exhibit immunomodulatory and anticancer activities through mechanisms including receptor interactions and modulation of key signaling pathways. In vivo studies further demonstrate their roles in regulating metabolism and in supporting gut barrier integrity. A critical aspect of pectin bioactivity involves promoting symbiotic interactions within the gut microbiota, increasing microbial diversity, and stimulating the production of beneficial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids. Translational research, including clinical trials, has confirmed practical benefits for gastrointestinal management and metabolic health, and has highlighted the utility of pectins as adjuvants in pharmaceutical and nutritional formulations. This chapter highlights the link between pectins and the intersection of food science, nutrition, and biomedicine, emphasizing their potential as multifunctional ingredients for innovative health strategies.

PMID 42556880
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PubMedMicrobial pathogenesis2026-08-06

A multimeric S1-nucleocapsid fusion antigen elicits cellular and humoral immune responses against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in mice.

Fragoso-Saavedra Mario M, Thivierge Brittany B, Liu Qiang Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe enteric disease in piglets, with mortality approaching 100% in naïve herds and extensive global economic losses. Protection relies on maternal vaccination to confer lactogenic immunity; however, current vaccines provide incomplete protection. To improve the immunogenicity of spike-based subunit vaccines, we developed a recombinant S1-nucleocapsid (N) fusion antigen, combining the S1 domain, which contains multiple neutralizing epitopes, with highly conserved N protein within a single immunogen. The antigen formed heterogeneous multimeric assemblies when expressed in mammalian cells and was formulated with Montanide™ Gel 02 PR or ISA 61 VG adjuvants. Immunogenicity was evaluated in BALB/c mice using a prime-boost intramuscular vaccination regimen by assessing antigen-binding and neutralizing antibodies, as well as IFN-γ- and IL-5-secreting cells. Vaccination induced robust IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA responses against both S1 and N, with higher neutralizing antibody titers in the Gel 02 PR group than the ISA 61 VG group. Adjuvant formulation influenced cytokine response patterns. Both Gel 02 PR and ISA 61 formulations showed higher IFN-γ and IL-5 responses than the control group with Gel 02 inducing highest IFN-γ levels amongst the groups. These pre-clinical findings demonstrate that the S1-N-T4f fusion antigen is a promising vaccine candidate for further evaluation of its protective potential against PEDV infection.

PMID 42551608
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PubMedSaudi journal of anaesthesia2026-08-05

Ultra-low dose continuous spinal anesthesia for major orthogeriatric surgery in a high cardiovascular risk patient on chronic aspirin therapy: A case report.

Tasso Francesco F, Cialdella Emilia E, Loppini Mattia M, Monteleone Giuseppe G

We present the case of a 78-year-old man (ASA III), with chronic ischemic heart disease, moderate aortic stenosis, hypertension, diabetes, and renal failure undergoing a second revision hip arthroplasty. Continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA) was performed using an ultra-low dose of 6.25 mg 0.25% isobaric levobupivacaine (3.75 mg + 2.5 mg) without adjuvants, preserving the possibility of incremental dosing if necessary. Intraoperative monitoring documented exceptional hemodynamic stability throughout the entire procedure (180 min), with mean arterial pressure maintained between 75 and 84 mmHg and heart rate between 63 and 70 bpm, without requiring vasopressors. The sensory block (T10) and motor block (Bromage 3) were adequate and regressed to Bromage 0 by the end of the procedure. The patient remained spontaneously breathing room air with an SpO2 >98%. The presented case demonstrates that ultra-low dose CSA may represent a valuable option for reducing the perioperative risk in carefully selected high-risk orthogeriatric patients.

PMID 42553928
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