calcitonin (Calsynar / calcitonin, Aventis / Calcin)

Effects of dietary PQQ·Na2 level on performance and bone microstructure of aged laying hens.

Feng M M, Tang Y Y, Huang Q Q, Lu M M et al.

A total of 480 Jinghong No. 1 laying hens (400 d of age) were randomly assigned to five groups for a 7-week feeding trial: a control group and four treatment groups supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/kg pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (PQQ·Na2), respectively. This study evaluated the effects of dietary PQQ·Na2 on production performance, egg quality, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, tibial microstructure, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota. Dietary supplementation with 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 significantly increased laying rate, eggshell strength, and albumen height (P < 0.05). Serum alkaline phosphatase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, osteocalcin, and calcium concentrations were increased, whereas calcitonin and parathyroid hormone concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis showed that the 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 treatment increased tibial bone mineral density and bone volume fraction and improved trabecular microstructure, although tibial calcium and phosphorus contents were not significantly changed. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that PQQ·Na2 altered cecal microbial composition, including changes in the relative abundances of several dominant genera. Overall, supplementation with 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 improved laying performance, egg quality, and bone health in aged laying hens, potentially through coordinated regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, intestinal morphology, tibial microstructure, and cecal microbiota.

Calcitonin.

Hay Debbie L DL, Garelja Michael L ML

Surgical Morbidity and Short-Term Oncologic Status after Prophylactic-Intent Thyroidectomy in a Cohort of Children with MEN2 from the Multicenter GTE ENDOCAN-RENATEN Study.

Morard Isaline I, Castinetti Frédéric F, Oliver Petit Isabelle I, Borson-Chazot Françoise F et al.

Children carrying germline RET mutations associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) are at high risk of developing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Prophylactic-intent thyroidectomy is recommended during childhood to prevent progression to advanced disease. Genotype-based recommendations combined with calcitonin measurements allow more individualized surgical timing. However, performing thyroidectomy at very young ages may expose children to long-term morbidity, particularly permanent hypoparathyroidism. We conducted a retrospective national multicenter cohort study within the French Groupe d'Étude des Tumeurs Endocrines, including children younger than 15 years who underwent prophylactic-intent total thyroidectomy between 2010 and 2020 in the absence of clinically apparent structural disease. Data collected included RET genotype, age at surgery, preoperative calcitonin values interpreted relative to each laboratory's upper limit of normal, surgical procedures performed, histopathologic findings, postoperative complications, and clinical status at last follow-up. Sixty-four children (61 MEN2A, 3 MEN2B) underwent surgery at a median age of 4.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 3.2-8.3 years). Preoperative calcitonin was elevated in 44% of evaluable patients. Histopathology demonstrated C-cell hyperplasia in 52% and micro-MTC in 34%, while lymph node metastases were rare (3%). After a median follow-up of 6 years (IQR = 2.4-8.5 years), no patient had persistent structural disease. One patient had persistent moderate biochemical disease without structural evidence of MTC, although follow-up duration limits definitive long-term oncologic outcomes. Postoperative morbidity was notable: hypoparathyroidism occurred in 31% of patients and was permanent in 16%, predominantly among children operated before age 5 years. In this national contemporary cohort, prophylactic-intent thyroidectomy in pediatric MEN2 was associated with excellent short-term oncologic outcomes but also with a substantial rate of permanent hypoparathyroidism, particularly in very young children. These findings underscore the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation of both the timing and extent of surgery in expert centers.

[Treatment persistence and adherence with botulinum toxin type A and anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies in migraine. (A retrospective cohort study from a specialized headache center)].

Naprienko M V MV, Zharashueva L A LA

To compare the treatment persistence and adherence with botulinum toxin type A (Relatox; BTA) and monoclonal antibodies targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-CGRP mAb) among migraine patients in the real-world practice of a specialized headache center. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a specialized headache center over 12 months (from June 2025 to May 2026). The analytical cohort included 221 patients who received at least one injection of BTA or anti-CGRP mAb. Discontinuation of therapy was defined as a gap between doses of greater than 90 days for anti-CGRP mAb and greater than 180 days for BTA, in line with the efficacy assessment windows established by the International Headache Society. Treatment persistence was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method over a 12-month follow-up period following the initial injection, and adherence was assessed using the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC), with ≥80% considered high adherence. Both metrics were derived from documented dosing dates to ensure objectivity. Additionally, Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify predictors. The study cohort consisted of 183 females (82.8%) and 38 males (17.2%), with a mean age of 42.1±11.8 years. The median treatment persistence was 8.5 months [95% CI 6.1-11.4] for BTA compared to 3.9 months [95% CI 2.3-4.6] for anti-CGRP mAb; at 12 months, persistence rates were 35.0% and 11.5%, respectively (log-rank test p<0.001). At the first efficacy assessment window, 37.8% of patients receiving BTA (6 months) and 43.5% receiving anti-CGRP mAb (3 months) discontinued therapy. High adherence (PDC ≥80%) was found in 24.7% of patients treated with BTA and 10.7% of those treated with anti-CGRP mAb. Cox regression analysis revealed that the medication class was the sole independent predictor of persistence, with BTA reducing the risk of discontinuation by approximately 50% (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.37-0.66; p<0.001). In real-world clinical practice, treatment persistence and adherence for BTA are significantly superior to those observed for anti-CGRP mAb. Given that both endpoints are calculated from documented dosing dates, they are objective metrics. The primary reasons for the observed differences pertain to the dosing regimens (monthly for BTA versus quarterly for anti-CGRP mAb) and barriers to accessibility.