zolpidem tartrate (Stilnox CR / FK199B / Stilnoxium)

✓ Approved

Astellas Pharma · GABRA1 · 小分子

什么是 zolpidem tartrate？

zolpidem tartrate 是一种小分子，由Astellas Pharma研发。该药已获批，用于治疗相关适应症，给药途径：Oral (PO)。

药物档案

商品名	Stilnox CR, FK199B, Stilnoxium
公司	Astellas Pharma
药物类别	小分子
分子靶点	GABRA1
给药途径	Oral (PO)
状态	Approved

来源： ClinicalTrials.gov, Astellas Pharma

作用机制

分子靶点

zolpidem tartrate 作用于 1 个分子靶点：

GABRA1

gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha1 subunit (DEE19, ECA4)

需要更深入的分析？Noah AI 可解释复杂机制并与同类药物比较。

治疗适应症

zolpidem tartrate 针对 1 个适应症，涉及 1 个治疗领域。

治疗领域	疾病/病症	分期
Psychiatric disorders	Insomnia	✓ Approved

相关研究文献

PubMedBrain & NeuroRehabilitation2026-08-08

Emergence From Minimally Conscious State Following Addition of Zolpidem to Amantadine Therapy in a Patient With Preserved Cortical Metabolism After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report.

Yoo Jiwoong J, Ko Nayeon N

We report the case of an 80-year-old female patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage who demonstrated marked improvement in the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) score following the addition of zolpidem to amantadine therapy. Brain positron emission tomography-computed tomography demonstrated diffuse cerebral hypometabolism with relatively preserved fronto-parietal cortical uptake, suggesting preserved cortical metabolic activity. After initiating zolpidem 10 mg and escalating amantadine to 200 mg/day, the patient's CRS-R score increased from 12 to 19 within three days, corresponding to emergence from a minimally conscious state. This case suggests that preserved cortical metabolic activity may be associated with the additive or synergistic effects of pharmacological arousal therapy in disorders of consciousness in non-Traumatic Brain Injury patients.

PMID 42568638

阅读全文 →

PubMedVeterinary journal (London, England : 1997)2026-08-08

Injectable antibiotics reprogram the gut microbiota-immune-resistome axis in ducks before detectable changes in growth performance.

Li Xiaokun X, Xia Yingjia Y, Fan Jingbo J, Jiang Fengxi F et al.

The widespread use of injectable antibiotics in intensive poultry production disrupts gut microbial balance and host immune function, potentially affecting nutrient utilization and promoting antimicrobial resistance. To assess the effects of injectable antibiotics on the gut microbiota, host immunity, tissue accumulation, and antimicrobial resistance in ducks, we systematically evaluated six commonly used injectable antibiotics-gentamicin sulfate, oxytetracycline, florfenicol, tylosin tartrate, lincomycin hydrochloride, and enrofloxacin. Although no statistically significant differences were observed in the feed conversion ratio and organ indices over the 28-day trial, antibiotic exposure disrupted microbiota-organ associations, suggesting subclinical effects despite the absence of detectable phenotypic differences. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed a clear class-dependent accumulation of antibiotics in muscle tissues, with tylosin tartrate and enrofloxacin persisting through day 28. Single-molecule real-time full-length 16S rRNA sequencing revealed a significant decline in Escherichia coli abundance and an enrichment of several Gram-positive taxa, indicating a marked restructuring of the gut microbiota following antibiotic exposure. Antibiotic residues in tissues were associated with drug-specific enrichment patterns of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and altered host innate immune-related transcriptional profiles, including changes in inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α). Furthermore, an integrative microbiota-immunity-residue-ARG network was constructed, revealing a conserved association framework centered on TLR2, NF-κB1, TLR4, and IL-6 as network hubs. Collectively, these findings indicate that injectable antibiotics are associated with coordinated alterations in host-microbiota-resistance interactions before measurable growth changes occur. These results provide an integrative framework for evaluating antibiotic-associated risks in poultry production.

PMID 42551728

阅读全文 →

PubMedFrontiers in endocrinology2026-08-08

Genetic susceptibility to uric acid and selected cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies.

Li Chunping C, Chen Ping P, Zheng Fangda F

Serum urate has been associated with cardiovascular disease in observational studies, but whether genetically predicted higher serum urate levels contribute to specific cardiovascular outcomes remains uncertain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization (MR) studies evaluating serum urate-, hyperuricemia-, or gout-related genetic susceptibility in relation to selected cardiovascular outcomes. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 6, 2026. Eligible studies were one-sample or two-sample MR studies assessing relevant urate-related exposures and cardiovascular outcomes. Reporting completeness, overlapping or duplicate estimates, exposure-outcome GWAS sample overlap, and MR-specific risk of bias were assessed before quantitative synthesis. Effect estimates were harmonized and standardized to a 1.5 mg/dL increase in serum urate where applicable. Random-effects inverse-variance meta-analyses, Egger regression tests, leave-one-out analyses, Hartung-Knapp adjusted analyses, and stepwise GWAS-source-restricted sensitivity analyses were performed where applicable. Thirty-two MR studies reporting 105 MR analyses were included. After estimate-level screening and MR-specific risk-of-bias assessment, 26 MR estimates were retained for quantitative synthesis. In primary analyses, genetically predicted higher serum urate was associated with increased risks of coronary heart disease (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10-1.15), myocardial infarction (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08-1.17), coronary artery disease (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08-1.26), atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12), and heart failure based on IVW estimates (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.11). However, the atrial fibrillation association did not remain statistically significant after Hartung-Knapp adjustment and was reduced to a single estimate after GWAS-source restriction. In GWAS-source-restricted sensitivity analyses, only myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease retained at least three estimates and remained positively associated with serum urate. Evidence was most consistent for myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Findings for coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure were more limited after stricter source restriction. These results do not establish a broad causal effect on cardiovascular disease as a whole or direct cardiovascular benefit from urate-lowering therapy. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD420261380161.

PMID 42568465

阅读全文 →

PubMedJournal of diabetes research2026-08-08

GSTP1-Mediated Inhibition of Rac1-Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling Underlies the Renoprotective Effect of Huangqi Tujian Decoction in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Liu Xinyuan X, Zhao Li L, Yin Dehai D, Piao Yuanlin Y

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and current therapies often fail to adequately address oxidative stress-induced podocyte injury. Huangqi Tujian Decoction (HTD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has shown promise in the clinical management of DN, yet its molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to elucidate the protective role of HTD and its interplay with glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and the Rac1-mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) signaling pathway. Integrated bioinformatic analysis of human DN transcriptomes identified GSTP1 as a central hub gene. In vivo studies using db/db mice and streptozotocin-induced GSTP1-knockout models revealed that HTD significantly improved renal function; reduced albuminuria, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels; and restored podocyte integrity markers (ZO-1 and Nephrin). HTD treatment also suppressed Rac1-MR activation and downregulated NADPH oxidase subunits, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Importantly, GSTP1 deficiency completely abolished these protective effects. Coimmunoprecipitation assays demonstrated direct binding between GSTP1 and both Rac1 and MR, suggesting that GSTP1 disrupts the pathogenic Rac1-MR complex. In summary, HTD ameliorates DN by normalizing GSTP1 expression toward physiological levels, thereby disrupting the pathogenic Rac1-MR complex and attenuating oxidative damage and podocyte injury. These findings reveal a novel molecular pathway for HTD and highlight GSTP1 as a promising therapeutic target and potential biomarker for DN.

PMID 42568149

阅读全文 →

PubMedFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026-08-08

Interpretable machine learning and mendelian randomization identify risk factors for lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis.

Li Xiaodong X, Wei Guohao G, Liu Rui R, Jiang Qiulin Q et al.

Lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis lead to significant morbidity, but their risk factors are not fully characterized. To identify risk factors and develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model for predicting lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis, with validation using mendelian randomization (MR). In this retrospective case-control study, data were collected from patients with lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis treated at our department of vascular surgery between January 2018 and November 2025. Predictors were selected using LASSO regression, and 11 ML models were developed using the selected variables. The optimal model was interpreted and implemented as a web-based prediction tool. Clinical utility and model calibration were assessed using decision curve analysis and calibration curves. Key predictors were further assessed using MR and multivariable logistic regression. XGBoost achieved the highest discrimination, with an AUC of 0.951 (95% CI 0.925-0.972) in the test set. MR analyses indicated that genetically predicted cerebrovascular disease (CD) (OR 1.773; 95% CI 1.043-3.015; P = 0.035) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (OR 1.327; 95% CI 1.105-1.595; P = 0.003) were risk factors, whereas mean platelet volume (MPV) was protective (OR 0.879; 95% CI 0.778-0.993; P = 0.038). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed CD (OR 10.19; 95% CI 4.36-23.82; P < 0.001) and MPV (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.52-0.76; P < 0.001) as independent predictors. Interpretable ML combined with MR identified a history of CD and lower MPV as factors associated with risk of lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis.

PMID 42568631

阅读全文 →

PubMedEuropean journal of radiology2026-08-08

Corrigendum to "Supine breast MRI using a wearable coil facilitates the translation of MR imaging findings to clinical practice" [Eur. J. Radiol. 184 (2025) 111974].

Nohava Lena L, Clauser Paola P, Czerny Raphaela R, Baltzer Pascal A T PAT et al.

PMID 42566954

阅读全文 →

注册免费账户还可查看另外 9996 篇文献

免费注册查看全部文献 →

zolpidem tartrate (Stilnox CR / FK199B / Stilnoxium)

什么是 zolpidem tartrate？

药物档案

作用机制

分子靶点

治疗适应症

相关研究文献

Emergence From Minimally Conscious State Following Addition of Zolpidem to Amantadine Therapy in a Patient With Preserved Cortical Metabolism After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report.

Injectable antibiotics reprogram the gut microbiota-immune-resistome axis in ducks before detectable changes in growth performance.

Genetic susceptibility to uric acid and selected cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies.

GSTP1-Mediated Inhibition of Rac1-Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling Underlies the Renoprotective Effect of Huangqi Tujian Decoction in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Interpretable machine learning and mendelian randomization identify risk factors for lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis.

Corrigendum to "Supine breast MRI using a wearable coil facilitates the translation of MR imaging findings to clinical practice" [Eur. J. Radiol. 184 (2025) 111974].

了解更多zolpidem tartrate